geir
Icelandic
editEtymology
editFrom Old Norse geirr, from Proto-Germanic *gaizaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰays- (“pointed stick, spear”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editgeir m (genitive singular geirs, nominative plural geirar)
Declension
editDeclension of geir | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
m-s1 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | geir | geirinn | geirar | geirarnir |
accusative | geir | geirinn | geira | geirana |
dative | geiri / geir | geirnum | geirum | geirunum |
genitive | geirs | geirsins | geira | geiranna |
Irish
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Irish geir, from Proto-Celtic *gʷerets (whence Welsh gwêr), of uncertain origin; perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“heat”) or *ǵʰwer- (“wild animal”).[1]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editgeir f (genitive singular geire or gearach or geireadh, nominative plural geireacha)
Declension
editAs second-declension noun:
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
As fifth-declension velar stem:
Bare forms (no plural for this noun):
|
Forms with the definite article:
|
As fifth-declension dental stem (the oldest form):
Bare forms (no plural for this noun):
|
Forms with the definite article:
|
Mutation
editIrish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
geir | gheir | ngeir |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
edit- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*gʷered-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 146
Further reading
edit- “geir”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 geir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “geir”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 359
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “geir”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Norwegian Nynorsk
editEtymology
editFrom Old Norse geirr, from Proto-Germanic *gaizaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰoysós (“throwing spear”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰey- (“to drive, move, fling”). Cognates include Irish ga.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editgeir m (definite singular geiren, indefinite plural geirar, definite plural geirane)
- (archaic or historical) a spear
- (fishing) a leister, a kind of fishing spear
- Synonym: lyster
- (zoology) a small mackerel
- Synonym: pir
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editMale given names:
- Almgeir
- Alvgeir
- Arngeir
- Audgeir
- Bengeir
- Borggeir
- Dalgeir
- Eddgeir
- Falgeir
- Finngeir
- Fjallgeir
- Fridgeir
- Geir
- Geirald, Geiralde
- Geiralv
- Geirbjørn
- Geirbrand
- Geirdjarv
- Geire
- Geirfast
- Geirfinn
- Geirfrød, Geirrød
- Geirhjelm
- Geirkvat
- Geirlak
- Geirleik
- Geirleiv
- Geirljot
- Geirmar
- Geirmund, Geirmunde
- Geirnjot
- Geirolv, Geirulv
- Geirrek, Geirrik
- Geirstein
- Geirtjov
- Geirtor
- Geirtorn
- Geirvald
- Geirvar
- Geirve
- Geirvid
- Hallgeir
- Hergeir
- Holmgeir
- Hungeir
- Jargeir
- Jodgeir
- Jogeir
- Jolgeir
- Mungeir
- Nevgeir
- Oddgeir
- Rodgeir
- Rotgeir
- Rådgeir
- Siggeir
- Styrgeir
- Sundgeir
- Sveingeir
- Tinggeir
- Tjodgeir
- Torgeir
- Ulvgeir
- Vadgeir
- Vegeir
- Vestgeir
- Vilgeir
- Vitgeir
- Åsgeir, Æsgeir, Asgeir
Female given names:
References
edit- “geir” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams
editOld French
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrankish *jehhjan, from Proto-Germanic *jehaną (“to say, to speak”)
Verb
editgeïr
- to admit (to concede to be true)
Conjugation
editThis verb conjugates as a third-group or second-group verb (ending in -ir, without or with an -iss- infix). This verb ends in a palatal stem, so there is an extra i before the e of some endings. This verb has a stressed present stem gei distinct from the unstressed stem ge. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | geir | aveir geï | |||||
gerund | en geant, geïssant | gerund of aveir + past participle | |||||
present participle | geant, geïssant | ||||||
past participle | geï | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | gei, geïs | geis, geïs | geit, geïst | geons, geïssons | geïez, geïssez | geient, geïssent |
imperfect | geeie, geïsseie | geeies, geïsseies | geeit, geïsseit | geïiens, geïens, geïssiiens, geïssiens | geïiez, geïez, geïssiiez, geïssiez | geeient, geïsseient | |
preterite | geï | geïs | geï | geïmes | geïstes | geïrent | |
future | geïrai | geïras | geïra | geïrons | geïreiz, geïrez | geïront | |
conditional | geïreie | geïreies | geïreit | geïriiens, geïriens | geïriiez, geïriez | geïreient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of aveir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of aveir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of aveir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of aveir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of aveir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | geie, geïsse | geies, geïsses | geie, geïsse | geïens, geons, geïssons | geïez, geïssez | geient, geïssent |
imperfect | geïsse | geïsses | geïst | geïssons, geïssiens | geïsseiz, geïssez, geïssiez | geïssent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of aveir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of aveir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | gei, geïs | — | geons, geïssons | geïez, geïssez | — |
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- Middle French: gehir
References
edit- geir on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
Old Norse
editNoun
editgeir m
Welsh
editPronunciation
editNoun
editgeir
- Soft mutation of ceir.
Verb
editgeir
- Soft mutation of ceir.
Mutation
edit- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Icelandic 1-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/eiːr
- Rhymes:Icelandic/eiːr/1 syllable
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic nouns
- Icelandic masculine nouns
- Icelandic countable nouns
- Irish terms inherited from Middle Irish
- Irish terms derived from Middle Irish
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms with unknown etymologies
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish feminine nouns
- Irish second-declension nouns
- Irish fifth-declension nouns
- ga:Fats and oils
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰey-
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with archaic senses
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with historical senses
- nn:Fishing
- nn:Fish
- Old French terms derived from Frankish
- Old French terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old French lemmas
- Old French verbs
- Old French verbs with stem alternations
- Old French verbs with weak-i preterite
- Old French third group verbs
- Old French second group verbs
- Old French third-second group verbs
- Old French verbs ending in -eir
- Old French irregular verbs
- Old Norse non-lemma forms
- Old Norse noun forms
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh non-lemma forms
- Welsh mutated nouns
- Welsh soft-mutation forms
- Welsh mutated verbs