gouger

English

Etymology

gouge +‎ -er

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈɡaʊdʒ.ə/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɡaʊd͡ʒ.ɚ/
• Rhymes: -aʊdʒə(ɹ)

Noun

gouger (plural gougers)

1. Someone who gouges.
2. (Ireland, slang) A thug or lout.

Derived terms

• plum gouger
• price gouger
• sidehill gouger

 

French

Etymology

From gouge.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡu.ʒe/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophones: gougé, gougée, gougés, gougées, gougez, gougeai

Verb

gouger

1. (transitive) to work (a material) with a gouge
2. (transitive) to do (a soldered joint) again to eliminate roughness by deepening it

Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written gouge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

Conjugation of gouger (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	gouger
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	gougeant /ɡu.ʒɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		gougé /ɡu.ʒe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	gouge /ɡuʒ/	gouges /ɡuʒ/	gouge /ɡuʒ/	gougeons /ɡu.ʒɔ̃/	gougez /ɡu.ʒe/	gougent /ɡuʒ/
	imperfect	gougeais /ɡu.ʒɛ/	gougeais /ɡu.ʒɛ/	gougeait /ɡu.ʒɛ/	gougions /ɡu.ʒjɔ̃/	gougiez /ɡu.ʒje/	gougeaient /ɡu.ʒɛ/
	past historic2	gougeai /ɡu.ʒe/	gougeas /ɡu.ʒa/	gougea /ɡu.ʒa/	gougeâmes /ɡu.ʒam/	gougeâtes /ɡu.ʒat/	gougèrent /ɡu.ʒɛʁ/
	future	gougerai /ɡuʒ.ʁe/	gougeras /ɡuʒ.ʁa/	gougera /ɡuʒ.ʁa/	gougerons /ɡuʒ.ʁɔ̃/	gougerez /ɡuʒ.ʁe/	gougeront /ɡuʒ.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	gougerais /ɡuʒ.ʁɛ/	gougerais /ɡuʒ.ʁɛ/	gougerait /ɡuʒ.ʁɛ/	gougerions /ɡu.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/	gougeriez /ɡu.ʒə.ʁje/	gougeraient /ɡuʒ.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	gouge /ɡuʒ/	gouges /ɡuʒ/	gouge /ɡuʒ/	gougions /ɡu.ʒjɔ̃/	gougiez /ɡu.ʒje/	gougent /ɡuʒ/
	imperfect2	gougeasse /ɡu.ʒas/	gougeasses /ɡu.ʒas/	gougeât /ɡu.ʒa/	gougeassions /ɡu.ʒa.sjɔ̃/	gougeassiez /ɡu.ʒa.sje/	gougeassent /ɡu.ʒas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	gouge /ɡuʒ/	—	gougeons /ɡu.ʒɔ̃/	gougez /ɡu.ʒe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Anagrams

• grogue