Finnish edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Finnic *hijodak, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *šija-.

Cognates include Northern Sami sadjit (to hone, file),[1] Skolt Sami sââjjad (to hone, grind, file),[2] Erzya човамс (čovams), Moksha шовамс (šovams, to hone, file, grind)[3] and Eastern Mari шумем (šumem, to sharpen, hone).[4][5]

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈhioɑˣ/, [ˈhio̞ɑ̝(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -ioɑ
  • Syllabification(key): hi‧o‧a

Verb edit

hioa

  1. (transitive) to grind, whet, hone (make smoother)
  2. (transitive) to grind, sharpen (make sharper)
  3. (transitive) to sand (abrade the surface of with sand or sandpaper)
  4. (transitive, figuratively) to refine, improve, polish, hone (plan, skill, etc.)
    Täytyy hioa suunnitelmaa sen verran tarkkaan, että se menee läpi missä vaan.
    Gotta polish off the plan good to some extent so that it'll work anywhere.
  5. (transitive) to cut, facet (a gem)

Conjugation edit

Inflection of hioa (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. hion en hio 1st sing. olen hionut en ole hionut
2nd sing. hiot et hio 2nd sing. olet hionut et ole hionut
3rd sing. hioo ei hio 3rd sing. on hionut ei ole hionut
1st plur. hiomme emme hio 1st plur. olemme hioneet emme ole hioneet
2nd plur. hiotte ette hio 2nd plur. olette hioneet ette ole hioneet
3rd plur. hiovat eivät hio 3rd plur. ovat hioneet eivät ole hioneet
passive hiotaan ei hiota passive on hiottu ei ole hiottu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. hioin en hionut 1st sing. olin hionut en ollut hionut
2nd sing. hioit et hionut 2nd sing. olit hionut et ollut hionut
3rd sing. hioi ei hionut 3rd sing. oli hionut ei ollut hionut
1st plur. hioimme emme hioneet 1st plur. olimme hioneet emme olleet hioneet
2nd plur. hioitte ette hioneet 2nd plur. olitte hioneet ette olleet hioneet
3rd plur. hioivat eivät hioneet 3rd plur. olivat hioneet eivät olleet hioneet
passive hiottiin ei hiottu passive oli hiottu ei ollut hiottu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. hioisin en hioisi 1st sing. olisin hionut en olisi hionut
2nd sing. hioisit et hioisi 2nd sing. olisit hionut et olisi hionut
3rd sing. hioisi ei hioisi 3rd sing. olisi hionut ei olisi hionut
1st plur. hioisimme emme hioisi 1st plur. olisimme hioneet emme olisi hioneet
2nd plur. hioisitte ette hioisi 2nd plur. olisitte hioneet ette olisi hioneet
3rd plur. hioisivat eivät hioisi 3rd plur. olisivat hioneet eivät olisi hioneet
passive hiottaisiin ei hiottaisi passive olisi hiottu ei olisi hiottu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. 1st sing.
2nd sing. hio älä hio 2nd sing.
3rd sing. hiokoon älköön hioko 3rd sing. olkoon hionut älköön olko hionut
1st plur. hiokaamme älkäämme hioko 1st plur.
2nd plur. hiokaa älkää hioko 2nd plur.
3rd plur. hiokoot älkööt hioko 3rd plur. olkoot hioneet älkööt olko hioneet
passive hiottakoon älköön hiottako passive olkoon hiottu älköön olko hiottu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. hionen en hione 1st sing. lienen hionut en liene hionut
2nd sing. hionet et hione 2nd sing. lienet hionut et liene hionut
3rd sing. hionee ei hione 3rd sing. lienee hionut ei liene hionut
1st plur. hionemme emme hione 1st plur. lienemme hioneet emme liene hioneet
2nd plur. hionette ette hione 2nd plur. lienette hioneet ette liene hioneet
3rd plur. hionevat eivät hione 3rd plur. lienevät hioneet eivät liene hioneet
passive hiottaneen ei hiottane passive lienee hiottu ei liene hiottu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st hioa present hiova hiottava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st hioakseni hioaksemme
2nd hioaksesi hioaksenne
3rd hioakseen
hioaksensa
past hionut hiottu
2nd inessive2 hioessa hiottaessa agent3 hioma
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st hioessani hioessamme
2nd hioessasi hioessanne
3rd hioessaan
hioessansa
negative hiomaton
instructive hioen 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

3rd inessive hiomassa
elative hiomasta
illative hiomaan
adessive hiomalla
abessive hiomatta
instructive hioman hiottaman
4th4 verbal noun hiominen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st hiomaisillani hiomaisillamme
2nd hiomaisillasi hiomaisillanne
3rd hiomaisillaan
hiomaisillansa

Derived terms edit

References edit

Further reading edit

Anagrams edit