hullajt
Hungarian
editEtymology
editFrom hull (“to fall”) + -ajt (causative verb-forming suffix).[1]
Pronunciation
editVerb
edithullajt
- (transitive, dialectal) causative of hull: to shed, to let (something) fall
- Synonym: hullat
- 1974, William Faulkner, translated by Árpád Göncz, Sartoris, Budapest: Európa Könyvkiadó, translation of Sartoris, →ISBN, page 37:
- Nyolcvan éve élek ezek közt a csökönyös Sartorisok közt, és soha, egyetlen hazajáró szellemüknek még meg nem szereztem az örömöt, hogy akár egy csepp könnyet is hullajtsak érte.
- I’ve lived with these bullheaded Sartorises for eighty years, and I’ll never give a single ghost of ’em the satisfaction of shedding a tear over him.
Conjugation
editconjugation of hullajt
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | hullajtok | hullajtasz | hullajt | hullajtunk | hullajtotok | hullajtanak | |
Def. | hullajtom | hullajtod | hullajtja | hullajtjuk | hullajtjátok | hullajtják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hullajtalak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | hullajtottam | hullajtottál | hullajtott | hullajtottunk | hullajtottatok | hullajtottak | ||
Def. | hullajtottam | hullajtottad | hullajtotta | hullajtottuk | hullajtottátok | hullajtották | |||
2nd-p. o. | hullajtottalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. hullajtani fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | hullajték | hullajtál | hullajta | hullajtánk | hullajtátok | hullajtának | ||
Def. | hullajtám | hullajtád | hullajtá | hullajtánk | hullajtátok | hullajták | |||
2nd-p. o. | hullajtálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. hullajt vala, hullajtott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | hullajtandok | hullajtandasz | hullajtand | hullajtandunk | hullajtandotok | hullajtandanak | ||
Def. | hullajtandom | hullajtandod | hullajtandja | hullajtandjuk | hullajtandjátok | hullajtandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hullajtandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | hullajtanék | hullajtanál | hullajtana | hullajtanánk | hullajtanátok | hullajtanának | |
Def. | hullajtanám | hullajtanád | hullajtaná | hullajtanánk (or hullajtanók) |
hullajtanátok | hullajtanák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hullajtanálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hullajtott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | hullajtsak | hullajts or hullajtsál |
hullajtson | hullajtsunk | hullajtsatok | hullajtsanak | |
Def. | hullajtsam | hullajtsd or hullajtsad |
hullajtsa | hullajtsuk | hullajtsátok | hullajtsák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hullajtsalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hullajtott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | hullajtani | hullajtanom | hullajtanod | hullajtania | hullajtanunk | hullajtanotok | hullajtaniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
hullajtás | hullajtó | hullajtott | hullajtandó | hullajtva (hullajtván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of hullajt
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | hullajthatok | hullajthatsz | hullajthat | hullajthatunk | hullajthattok | hullajthatnak | |
Def. | hullajthatom | hullajthatod | hullajthatja | hullajthatjuk | hullajthatjátok | hullajthatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hullajthatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | hullajthattam | hullajthattál | hullajthatott | hullajthattunk | hullajthattatok | hullajthattak | ||
Def. | hullajthattam | hullajthattad | hullajthatta | hullajthattuk | hullajthattátok | hullajthatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | hullajthattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | hullajthaték | hullajthatál | hullajthata | hullajthatánk | hullajthatátok | hullajthatának | ||
Def. | hullajthatám | hullajthatád | hullajthatá | hullajthatánk | hullajthatátok | hullajthaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | hullajthatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. hullajthat vala, hullajthatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | hullajthatandok or hullajtandhatok |
hullajthatandasz or hullajtandhatsz |
hullajthatand or hullajtandhat |
hullajthatandunk or hullajtandhatunk |
hullajthatandotok or hullajtandhattok |
hullajthatandanak or hullajtandhatnak | ||
Def. | hullajthatandom or hullajtandhatom |
hullajthatandod or hullajtandhatod |
hullajthatandja or hullajtandhatja |
hullajthatandjuk or hullajtandhatjuk |
hullajthatandjátok or hullajtandhatjátok |
hullajthatandják or hullajtandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hullajthatandalak or hullajtandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | hullajthatnék | hullajthatnál | hullajthatna | hullajthatnánk | hullajthatnátok | hullajthatnának | |
Def. | hullajthatnám | hullajthatnád | hullajthatná | hullajthatnánk (or hullajthatnók) |
hullajthatnátok | hullajthatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hullajthatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hullajthatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | hullajthassak | hullajthass or hullajthassál |
hullajthasson | hullajthassunk | hullajthassatok | hullajthassanak | |
Def. | hullajthassam | hullajthasd or hullajthassad |
hullajthassa | hullajthassuk | hullajthassátok | hullajthassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hullajthassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hullajthatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (hullajthatni) | (hullajthatnom) | (hullajthatnod) | (hullajthatnia) | (hullajthatnunk) | (hullajthatnotok) | (hullajthatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | hullajtható | Neg. adj. | hullajthatatlan | Adv. part. | (hullajthatva / hullajthatván) | ||||
Derived terms
edit(With verbal prefixes):
References
edit- ^ hullajt in Gerstner, Károly (ed.). Új magyar etimológiai szótár. (’New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian’). Beta version. Budapest, MTA Nyelvtudományi Intézet / Magyar Nyelvtudományi Kutatóközpont, 2011–2022. (Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary). Language abbreviations
Further reading
edit- hullajt in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN