indurer

French

Etymology

From in- +‎ dur +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/

• Audio (Lyon):

  (file)

Verb

indurer

1. (transitive) to harden (a body tissue)

Conjugation

Conjugation of indurer (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	indurer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	indurant /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		induré /ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	indure /ɛ̃.dyʁ/	indures /ɛ̃.dyʁ/	indure /ɛ̃.dyʁ/	indurons /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɔ̃/	indurez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/	indurent /ɛ̃.dyʁ/
	imperfect	indurais /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛ/	indurais /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛ/	indurait /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛ/	indurions /ɛ̃.dy.ʁjɔ̃/	induriez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁje/	induraient /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛ/
	past historic2	indurai /ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/	induras /ɛ̃.dy.ʁa/	indura /ɛ̃.dy.ʁa/	indurâmes /ɛ̃.dy.ʁam/	indurâtes /ɛ̃.dy.ʁat/	indurèrent /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛʁ/
	future	indurerai /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁe/	indureras /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁa/	indurera /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁa/	indurerons /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/	indurerez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁe/	indureront /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	indurerais /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/	indurerais /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/	indurerait /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/	indurerions /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/	indureriez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁje/	indureraient /ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	indure /ɛ̃.dyʁ/	indures /ɛ̃.dyʁ/	indure /ɛ̃.dyʁ/	indurions /ɛ̃.dy.ʁjɔ̃/	induriez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁje/	indurent /ɛ̃.dyʁ/
	imperfect2	indurasse /ɛ̃.dy.ʁas/	indurasses /ɛ̃.dy.ʁas/	indurât /ɛ̃.dy.ʁa/	indurassions /ɛ̃.dy.ʁa.sjɔ̃/	indurassiez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁa.sje/	indurassent /ɛ̃.dy.ʁas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	indure /ɛ̃.dyʁ/	—	indurons /ɛ̃.dy.ʁɔ̃/	indurez /ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• indurable
• induration
• induré

Further reading

• “indurer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Latin

Verb

indūrer

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of indūrō