jihad
English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Arabic جِهَاد (jihād, “struggle; effort”).
Pronunciation
edit- enPR: jĭ-hăd', jĭ-häd, jə-häd', jē'-häd, jē'-hăd, IPA(key): /d͡ʒɪˈhæd/, /d͡ʒɪˈhɑːd/, /d͡ʒəˈhɑːd/, /ˈd͡ʒiːhæd/, /ˈd͡ʒiːhɑːd/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -æd, -ɑːd, -iːhæd, -iːhɑːd
Noun
editjihad (countable and uncountable, plural jihads)
- (Islam) A holy war undertaken by Muslims.
- 1938 August 22, “Holy War”, in Time:
- Young Iraqis of both sects obeyed the imams' ruling last week by rushing to conscription offices in hot, dirty, dusty Bagdad to offer themselves or their money for the jihad.
- 1977, Alistair Horne, A Savage War of Peace, New York: Review Books, published 2006, page 26:
- Small groups of killers, the scent of blood in their nostrils, now fanned out by taxi, bicycle or even on horseback into the surrounding countryside, spreading the word that a general jihad, or ‘holy war’, had broken out.
- 2013 May 8, Mona Mahmood, Ian Black, The Guardian:
- The Jabhat al-Nusra media, with songs about jihad and martyrdom, is extremely influential.
- (Islam, theology) A personal spiritual struggle for self-improvement and/or against evil.
- 2023 May 3, “Update on Terrorism-Related Case Under Internal Security Act”, in Internal Security Department (Singapore)[1]:
- As a result, Amirull has renounced his radical beliefs in armed jihad and the use of violence. He now sees jihad as caring for his parents, improving himself, and contributing to society.
- (by extension) An aggressive campaign for an idea.
- 1984, 41:18 from the start, in Dune[2] (Science Fiction), spoken by Reverend Mother Ramallo, →OCLC:
- And now, the prophecy. One will come, the voice from the outer world, bringing the holy war, the jihad, which will cleanse the universe and bring us out of darkness.
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editTranslations
edit
|
Verb
editjihad (third-person singular simple present jihads, present participle jihading, simple past and past participle jihaded)
- To participate in a jihad.
See also
editAnagrams
editDanish
editEtymology
editFrom Arabic جِهَاد (jihād, “struggle; effort”).
Noun
editjihad c (uncountable)
Related terms
editReferences
edit- “jihad” in Den Danske Ordbog
Dutch
editPronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Noun
editjihad m (plural jihads, diminutive jihadje n)
- alternative form of djihaad
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editFinnish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Arabic جِهَاد (jihād).
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ˈdʒihɑd/, [ˈdʒiɦɑ̝d]
- IPA(key): /ˈjihɑd/, [ˈjiɦɑ̝d]
- IPA(key): /ˈtsihɑd/, [ˈts̠iɦɑ̝d]
- Rhymes: -ihɑd
- Syllabification(key): ji‧had
- Hyphenation(key): ji‧had
Noun
editjihad
- jihad (Muslims' holy war)
Declension
editInflection of jihad (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | jihad | jihadit | |
genitive | jihadin | jihadien | |
partitive | jihadia | jihadeja | |
illative | jihadiin | jihadeihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | jihad | jihadit | |
accusative | nom. | jihad | jihadit |
gen. | jihadin | ||
genitive | jihadin | jihadien | |
partitive | jihadia | jihadeja | |
inessive | jihadissa | jihadeissa | |
elative | jihadista | jihadeista | |
illative | jihadiin | jihadeihin | |
adessive | jihadilla | jihadeilla | |
ablative | jihadilta | jihadeilta | |
allative | jihadille | jihadeille | |
essive | jihadina | jihadeina | |
translative | jihadiksi | jihadeiksi | |
abessive | jihaditta | jihadeitta | |
instructive | — | jihadein | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “jihad”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][3] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
French
editPronunciation
editNoun
editjihad m (plural jihads)
- alternative form of djihad
Italian
editNoun
editjihad m or f (invariable)
Portuguese
editEtymology
editUnadapted borrowing from Arabic جِهَاد (jihād, “struggle; effort”).
Pronunciation
edit
Noun
editjihad f (plural jihads)
Derived terms
editRomanian
editEtymology
editNoun
editjihad n (plural jihaduri)
Declension
editsingular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | ||
nominative-accusative | jihad | jihadul | jihaduri | jihadurile | |
genitive-dative | jihad | jihadului | jihaduri | jihadurilor | |
vocative | jihadule | jihadurilor |
Swedish
editEtymology
editFrom Arabic جِهَاد (jihād, “struggle; effort”)
Noun
editjihad c or n
Usage notes
editAlmost always as "jihaden" (common gender) in the definite, though "ett jihad" is fairly common.
Declension
editnominative | genitive | ||
---|---|---|---|
singular | indefinite | jihad | jihads |
definite | jihaden | jihadens | |
plural | indefinite | jihader | jihaders |
definite | jihaderna | jihadernas |
Related terms
editReferences
editTagalog
editEtymology
editUnadapted borrowing from Arabic جِهَاد (jihād, “struggle; effort”).
Pronunciation
edit- (Standard Tagalog)
- Syllabification: ji‧had
Noun
editjihad or jihád (Baybayin spelling ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜑᜇ᜔) (Islam)
See also
editFurther reading
edit- “jihad”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
- “jihad”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
- English terms borrowed from Arabic
- English terms derived from Arabic
- English terms derived from the Arabic root ج ه د
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/æd
- Rhymes:English/æd/2 syllables
- Rhymes:English/ɑːd
- Rhymes:English/ɑːd/2 syllables
- Rhymes:English/iːhæd
- Rhymes:English/iːhæd/2 syllables
- Rhymes:English/iːhɑːd
- Rhymes:English/iːhɑːd/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Islam
- English terms with quotations
- en:Theology
- English verbs
- Danish terms borrowed from Arabic
- Danish terms derived from Arabic
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish common-gender nouns
- Danish uncountable nouns
- da:Islam
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch masculine nouns
- nl:Islam
- Finnish terms borrowed from Arabic
- Finnish learned borrowings from Arabic
- Finnish terms derived from Arabic
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ihɑd
- Rhymes:Finnish/ihɑd/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish risti-type nominals
- fi:Islam
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- fr:Islam
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian indeclinable nouns
- Italian terms spelled with J
- Italian masculine nouns
- Italian feminine nouns
- Italian nouns with multiple genders
- it:Islam
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Arabic
- Portuguese unadapted borrowings from Arabic
- Portuguese terms derived from Arabic
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese 3-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 1-syllable words
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- pt:Islam
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- ro:Islam
- Swedish terms borrowed from Arabic
- Swedish terms derived from Arabic
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- Swedish neuter nouns
- Swedish nouns with multiple genders
- sv:Islam
- Tagalog terms borrowed from Arabic
- Tagalog unadapted borrowings from Arabic
- Tagalog terms derived from Arabic
- Tagalog terms derived from the Arabic root ج ه د
- Tagalog 2-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/ihad
- Rhymes:Tagalog/ihad/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Tagalog/ad
- Rhymes:Tagalog/ad/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation
- Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- Tagalog terms spelled with J
- tl:Islam