karkailla

Finnish

Etymology

From karata +‎ -illa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑrkɑi̯lːɑˣ/, [ˈkɑ̝rkɑ̝i̯lːɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑrkɑilːɑ
• Syllabification^(key): kar‧kail‧la

Verb

karkailla

1. (intransitive) frequentative of karata (“to escape”): to keep escaping

Conjugation

Inflection of karkailla (Kotus type 67/tulla, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		karkailen	en karkaile	1st sing.	olen karkaillut	en ole karkaillut
2nd sing.		karkailet	et karkaile	2nd sing.	olet karkaillut	et ole karkaillut
3rd sing.		karkailee	ei karkaile	3rd sing.	on karkaillut	ei ole karkaillut
1st plur.		karkailemme	emme karkaile	1st plur.	olemme karkailleet	emme ole karkailleet
2nd plur.		karkailette	ette karkaile	2nd plur.	olette karkailleet	ette ole karkailleet
3rd plur.		karkailevat	eivät karkaile	3rd plur.	ovat karkailleet	eivät ole karkailleet
passive		karkaillaan	ei karkailla	passive	on karkailtu	ei ole karkailtu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		karkailin	en karkaillut	1st sing.	olin karkaillut	en ollut karkaillut
2nd sing.		karkailit	et karkaillut	2nd sing.	olit karkaillut	et ollut karkaillut
3rd sing.		karkaili	ei karkaillut	3rd sing.	oli karkaillut	ei ollut karkaillut
1st plur.		karkailimme	emme karkailleet	1st plur.	olimme karkailleet	emme olleet karkailleet
2nd plur.		karkailitte	ette karkailleet	2nd plur.	olitte karkailleet	ette olleet karkailleet
3rd plur.		karkailivat	eivät karkailleet	3rd plur.	olivat karkailleet	eivät olleet karkailleet
passive		karkailtiin	ei karkailtu	passive	oli karkailtu	ei ollut karkailtu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		karkailisin	en karkailisi	1st sing.	olisin karkaillut	en olisi karkaillut
2nd sing.		karkailisit	et karkailisi	2nd sing.	olisit karkaillut	et olisi karkaillut
3rd sing.		karkailisi	ei karkailisi	3rd sing.	olisi karkaillut	ei olisi karkaillut
1st plur.		karkailisimme	emme karkailisi	1st plur.	olisimme karkailleet	emme olisi karkailleet
2nd plur.		karkailisitte	ette karkailisi	2nd plur.	olisitte karkailleet	ette olisi karkailleet
3rd plur.		karkailisivat	eivät karkailisi	3rd plur.	olisivat karkailleet	eivät olisi karkailleet
passive		karkailtaisiin	ei karkailtaisi	passive	olisi karkailtu	ei olisi karkailtu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		karkaile	älä karkaile	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		karkailkoon	älköön karkailko	3rd sing.	olkoon karkaillut	älköön olko karkaillut
1st plur.		karkailkaamme	älkäämme karkailko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		karkailkaa	älkää karkailko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		karkailkoot	älkööt karkailko	3rd plur.	olkoot karkailleet	älkööt olko karkailleet
passive		karkailtakoon	älköön karkailtako	passive	olkoon karkailtu	älköön olko karkailtu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		karkaillen	en karkaille	1st sing.	lienen karkaillut	en liene karkaillut
2nd sing.		karkaillet	et karkaille	2nd sing.	lienet karkaillut	et liene karkaillut
3rd sing.		karkaillee	ei karkaille	3rd sing.	lienee karkaillut	ei liene karkaillut
1st plur.		karkaillemme	emme karkaille	1st plur.	lienemme karkailleet	emme liene karkailleet
2nd plur.		karkaillette	ette karkaille	2nd plur.	lienette karkailleet	ette liene karkailleet
3rd plur.		karkaillevat	eivät karkaille	3rd plur.	lienevät karkailleet	eivät liene karkailleet
passive		karkailtaneen	ei karkailtane	passive	lienee karkailtu	ei liene karkailtu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		karkailla		present	karkaileva	karkailtava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st karkaillakseni karkaillaksemme 2nd karkaillaksesi karkaillaksenne 3rd karkaillakseen karkaillaksensa		past	karkaillut	karkailtu
2nd	inessive2	karkaillessa	karkailtaessa	agent4	karkailema
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st karkaillessani karkaillessamme 2nd karkaillessasi karkaillessanne 3rd karkaillessaan karkaillessansa		negative	karkailematon
	instructive	karkaillen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd	inessive	karkailemassa	—
	elative	karkailemasta	—
	illative	karkailemaan	—
	adessive	karkailemalla	—
	abessive	karkailematta	—
	instructive	karkaileman	karkailtaman
4th3	verbal noun	karkaileminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st karkailemaisillani karkailemaisillamme 2nd karkailemaisillasi karkailemaisillanne 3rd karkailemaisillaan karkailemaisillansa

Derived terms

• karkailu

Related terms

• virtsankarkailu

Further reading

• “karkailla”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02