laboriosus

Latin

Etymology

From labor (“work, exertion”) +‎ -ōsus. However, the inserted -i- is enigmatic. It may be a result of analogy: cūra : cūriōsus = labor : ?

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /la.boː.riˈoː.sus/, [ɫ̪äboːriˈoːs̠ʊs̠]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /la.bo.riˈo.sus/, [läboriˈɔːs̬us]

Adjective

labōriōsus (feminine labōriōsa, neuter labōriōsum, superlative labōriōsissimus, adverb labōriōsē); first/second-declension adjective

laborious, toilsome, demanding
- c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 1.1–7:
  Cui dōnō lepidum novum libellum
  āridō modo pūmice expolītum?
  Cornēlī, tibi: namque tū solēbās
  meās esse aliquid putāre nūgās
  jam tum, cum ausus es ūnus Ītalōrum
  omne aevum tribus explicāre cartīs
  doctīs, Jūpiter, et labōriōsīs.
industrious, hard-working

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Number	Singular			Plural
Nominative	labōriōsus	labōriōsa	labōriōsum	labōriōsī	labōriōsae	labōriōsa
Genitive	labōriōsī	labōriōsae	labōriōsī	labōriōsōrum	labōriōsārum	labōriōsōrum
Dative	labōriōsō	labōriōsae	labōriōsō	labōriōsīs
Accusative	labōriōsum	labōriōsam	labōriōsum	labōriōsōs	labōriōsās	labōriōsa
Ablative	labōriōsō	labōriōsā	labōriōsō	labōriōsīs
Vocative	labōriōse	labōriōsa	labōriōsum	labōriōsī	labōriōsae	labōriōsa

Derived terms

labōriōsē

Related terms

Descendants

English: laborious
French: laborieux
Italian: laborioso
Portuguese: laborioso
Spanish: laborioso

References

“laboriosus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“laboriosus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
laboriosus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
laboriosus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.