Latin

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Etymology

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From labor (work, exertion) +‎ -ōsus. However, the inserted -i- is enigmatic. It may be a result of analogy: cūra : cūriōsus = labor : ?

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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labōriōsus (feminine labōriōsa, neuter labōriōsum, superlative labōriōsissimus, adverb labōriōsē); first/second-declension adjective

  1. laborious, toilsome, demanding
    • c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 1.1–7:
      Cui dōnō lepidum novum libellum
      āridō modo pūmice expolītum?
      Cornēlī, tibi: namque tū solēbās
      meās esse aliquid putāre nūgās
      jam tum, cum ausus es ūnus Ītalōrum
      omne aevum tribus explicāre cartīs
      doctīs, Jūpiter, et labōriōsīs.
  2. industrious, hard-working

Declension

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First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative labōriōsus labōriōsa labōriōsum labōriōsī labōriōsae labōriōsa
Genitive labōriōsī labōriōsae labōriōsī labōriōsōrum labōriōsārum labōriōsōrum
Dative labōriōsō labōriōsō labōriōsīs
Accusative labōriōsum labōriōsam labōriōsum labōriōsōs labōriōsās labōriōsa
Ablative labōriōsō labōriōsā labōriōsō labōriōsīs
Vocative labōriōse labōriōsa labōriōsum labōriōsī labōriōsae labōriōsa

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • English: laborious
  • French: laborieux
  • Italian: laborioso
  • Portuguese: laborioso
  • Spanish: laborioso

References

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  • laboriosus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • laboriosus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • laboriosus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • laboriosus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.