langr

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *langaz, whence also Old English lang, Old High German lang.

Adjective

langr (comparative lengri, superlative lengstr)

1. long, far, distant (of distance and length)

   langt sverð

   a long sword

   Þeir áttu eigi langt til eyjarinnar.

   They had no long distance to the island.

2. long (of space and time)

   lǫng stund

   a long while, a long time

3. long, wearisome

Declension

    Strong declension of langr

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	langr	lǫng	langt
accusative	langan	langa	langt
dative	lǫngum	langri	lǫngu
genitive	langs	langrar	langs
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	langir	langar	lǫng
accusative	langa	langar	lǫng
dative	lǫngum	lǫngum	lǫngum
genitive	langra	langra	langra

    Weak declension of langr

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	langi	langa	langa
accusative	langa	lǫngu	langa
dative	langa	lǫngu	langa
genitive	langa	lǫngu	langa
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lǫngu	lǫngu	lǫngu
accusative	lǫngu	lǫngu	lǫngu
dative	lǫngum	lǫngum	lǫngum
genitive	lǫngu	lǫngu	lǫngu

    Declension of comparative of langr

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lengri	lengri	lengra
accusative	lengra	lengri	lengra
dative	lengra	lengri	lengra
genitive	lengra	lengri	lengra
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lengri	lengri	lengri
accusative	lengri	lengri	lengri
dative	lengrum	lengrum	lengrum
genitive	lengri	lengri	lengri

    Strong declension of superlative of langr

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lengstr	lengst	lengst
accusative	lengstan	lengsta	lengst
dative	lengstum	lengstri	lengstu
genitive	lengsts	lengstrar	lengsts
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lengstir	lengstar	lengst
accusative	lengsta	lengstar	lengst
dative	lengstum	lengstum	lengstum
genitive	lengstra	lengstra	lengstra

    Weak declension of superlative of langr

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lengsti	lengsta	lengsta
accusative	lengsta	lengstu	lengsta
dative	lengsta	lengstu	lengsta
genitive	lengsta	lengstu	lengsta
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lengstu	lengstu	lengstu
accusative	lengstu	lengstu	lengstu
dative	lengstum	lengstum	lengstum
genitive	lengstu	lengstu	lengstu

Descendants

• Icelandic: langur
• Faroese: langur
• Norn: lang
• Norwegian Nynorsk: lang
• Norwegian Bokmål: lang
• Old Swedish: langer
  • Swedish: lång
• Danish: lang
• Gutnish: langgar, langgår, langgur

References

• “langr”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Byock, Jesse L. (2013) Viking Language 1: Learn Old Norse, Runes, and Icelandic Sagas, →ISBN, page 356