mꜣẖ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈmaːʀaç/ → /ˈmaːʀaç/ → /ˈmaːʔəç/ → /ˈmoːʔəç/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈmaːʀaç/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈmaːʀaç/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈmaːʔəç/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈmoːʔəç/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /mɑç/
  • Conventional anglicization: makh

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive) to burn up (+ n: through (fire))
2. (intransitive, of a heart) to be afraid (+ n: for)
3. (intransitive, with ḥr, of a heart) to care about

Inflection

Conjugation of mꜣẖ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: mꜣẖ, geminated stem: mꜣẖẖ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
mꜣẖ	mꜣẖw, mꜣẖ	mꜣẖt	mꜣẖ	mꜣẖ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
mꜣẖ	ḥr mꜣẖ	m mꜣẖ	r mꜣẖ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	mꜣẖ.n	consecutive	mꜣẖ.jn
terminative	mꜣẖt
perfective3	mꜣẖ	obligative1	mꜣẖ.ḫr
imperfective	mꜣẖ
prospective3	mꜣẖ	potentialis1	mꜣẖ.kꜣ
subjunctive	mꜣẖ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	mꜣẖ.n	—	—
perfective	mꜣẖ	mꜣẖ	mꜣẖ, mꜣẖw5, mꜣẖy5
imperfective	mꜣẖ, mꜣẖy, mꜣẖw5	mꜣẖ, mꜣẖj6, mꜣẖy6	mꜣẖ, mꜣẖw5
prospective	mꜣẖ, mꜣẖtj7	mꜣẖtj4, mꜣẖt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mꜣẖ  

mꜣḫ

[Middle Kingdom]

Descendants

• Demotic: mẖ
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲟϩ (moh)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩϩ (mouh)

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 31.8–31.11
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 103