plonger
French
editEtymology
editFrom Old French plongier, from Vulgar Latin *plumbicāre, from Latin plumbum (“lead”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editplonger
- to dive
- (figuratively) to plunge
- plonger dans ses souvenirs ― to take a trip down memory lane
- (reflexive, figuratively) to immerse oneself (in something)
Conjugation
editThis is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written plonge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of plonger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | plonger | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | plongeant /plɔ̃.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | plongé /plɔ̃.ʒe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | plonge /plɔ̃ʒ/ |
plonges /plɔ̃ʒ/ |
plonge /plɔ̃ʒ/ |
plongeons /plɔ̃.ʒɔ̃/ |
plongez /plɔ̃.ʒe/ |
plongent /plɔ̃ʒ/ |
imperfect | plongeais /plɔ̃.ʒɛ/ |
plongeais /plɔ̃.ʒɛ/ |
plongeait /plɔ̃.ʒɛ/ |
plongions /plɔ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ |
plongiez /plɔ̃.ʒje/ |
plongeaient /plɔ̃.ʒɛ/ | |
past historic2 | plongeai /plɔ̃.ʒe/ |
plongeas /plɔ̃.ʒa/ |
plongea /plɔ̃.ʒa/ |
plongeâmes /plɔ̃.ʒam/ |
plongeâtes /plɔ̃.ʒat/ |
plongèrent /plɔ̃.ʒɛʁ/ | |
future | plongerai /plɔ̃ʒ.ʁe/ |
plongeras /plɔ̃ʒ.ʁa/ |
plongera /plɔ̃ʒ.ʁa/ |
plongerons /plɔ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
plongerez /plɔ̃ʒ.ʁe/ |
plongeront /plɔ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | plongerais /plɔ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ |
plongerais /plɔ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ |
plongerait /plɔ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ |
plongerions /plɔ̃.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
plongeriez /plɔ̃.ʒə.ʁje/ |
plongeraient /plɔ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | plonge /plɔ̃ʒ/ |
plonges /plɔ̃ʒ/ |
plonge /plɔ̃ʒ/ |
plongions /plɔ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ |
plongiez /plɔ̃.ʒje/ |
plongent /plɔ̃ʒ/ |
imperfect2 | plongeasse /plɔ̃.ʒas/ |
plongeasses /plɔ̃.ʒas/ |
plongeât /plɔ̃.ʒa/ |
plongeassions /plɔ̃.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
plongeassiez /plɔ̃.ʒa.sje/ |
plongeassent /plɔ̃.ʒas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | plonge /plɔ̃ʒ/ |
— | plongeons /plɔ̃.ʒɔ̃/ |
plongez /plɔ̃.ʒe/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Related terms
editFurther reading
edit- “plonger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Categories:
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
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- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French terms with collocations
- French reflexive verbs
- French verbs with conjugation -ger
- French first group verbs
- fr:Underwater diving