qꜣs

See also: qs and Qs

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /kɑs/
  • Conventional anglicization: qas

Etymology 1

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to bind, to tie [since the Pyramid Texts]

   ― qꜣs.n.j pḏt.j ― I tied my bow.

Inflection

Conjugation of qꜣs (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: qꜣs, geminated stem: qꜣss

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
qꜣs	qꜣsw, qꜣs	qꜣst	qꜣs	qꜣs

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
qꜣs	ḥr qꜣs	m qꜣs	r qꜣs

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	qꜣs.n	qꜣsw, qꜣs	consecutive	qꜣs.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	qꜣst
perfective3	qꜣs	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	qꜣs.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	qꜣs	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	qꜣs	qꜣss	potentialis1	qꜣs.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	qꜣs	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	qꜣs.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	qꜣs	active + .tj1, .tw2	qꜣs	qꜣs, qꜣsw5, qꜣsy5
imperfective	qꜣs, qꜣsy, qꜣsw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	qꜣs, qꜣsj6, qꜣsy6	qꜣs, qꜣsw5
prospective	qꜣs, qꜣstj7	—	qꜣstj4, qꜣst4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Derived terms

• sqꜣs

Noun

 m

1. rope ladder [since the Pyramid Texts]

Inflection

Declension of qꜣs (masculine)

singular	qꜣs
dual	qꜣswj
plural	qꜣsw

Etymology 2

Verb

 3-lit.

1. Alternative form of qjs (“to vomit”)

References

• Dickson, Paul (2006) Dictionary of Middle Egyptian in Gardiner Classification Order‎^[1]
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 13