rotundus
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Generally regarded as deriving from rotō (“turn, revolve”) or rota (“wheel”) + -undus. First attested in the works of Cato the Elder (circa 200 BC).
It has also been suggested that the alternative form retundus, whence most of the Romance descendants derive, actually reflects the original Latin form (despite only being attested from the seventh century CE). If so, the first element would derive from an older *retō, from Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂- (cf. Proto-Celtic *reteti), and the Classical rotundus would reflect later influence from rota (“wheel”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /roˈtun.dus/, [rɔˈt̪ʊn̪d̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /roˈtun.dus/, [roˈt̪un̪d̪us]
Adjective edit
rotundus (feminine rotunda, neuter rotundum, comparative rotundior, superlative rotundissimus); first/second-declension adjective
- round, circular
- spherical, rotund
- (figuratively) rounded, perfect
- (figuratively, of speech) polished, elegant
Declension edit
First/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | rotundus | rotunda | rotundum | rotundī | rotundae | rotunda | |
Genitive | rotundī | rotundae | rotundī | rotundōrum | rotundārum | rotundōrum | |
Dative | rotundō | rotundō | rotundīs | ||||
Accusative | rotundum | rotundam | rotundum | rotundōs | rotundās | rotunda | |
Ablative | rotundō | rotundā | rotundō | rotundīs | |||
Vocative | rotunde | rotunda | rotundum | rotundī | rotundae | rotunda |
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
(See also retundus, *torundus.)
- Insular Romance:
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ancient borrowings:
- → Albanian: urtundë
- Later borrowings:
References edit
- ^ Buchi, Éva, Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008–) “*/reˈtʊnd-u/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.
Further reading edit
- “rotundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “rotundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- rotundus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.