rqj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈɾiːqʼit/ → /ˈɾiːqʼiʔ/ → /ˈɾiːqʼa/ → /ˈɾiːqʼə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈɾiːqʼit/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈɾiːqʼiʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈɾiːqʼa/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈɾiːqʼə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /rɛki/
  • Conventional anglicization: reqi

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (transitive) to turn aside, to fend off (+ r: from)
2. (transitive) to oppose or defy, to be hostile to
3. (transitive) to incline

Inflection

Conjugation of rqj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: rq, geminated stem: rqq

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
rqt, rqj	rqw, rq	rqt, rqwt, rqyt	rq	rq, rqy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
rq8, rqq8	ḥr rqt, ḥr rqj	m rqt, m rqj	r rqt, r rqj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	rq.n	rqw, rq, rqy	consecutive	rq.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	rqt, rqyt
perfective3	rq	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	rq.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	rq, rqy	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	rqw, rq, rqy	rqw, rq, rqy	potentialis1	rq.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	rq, rqy	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	rq.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	rqw1, rqy, rq	active + .tj1, .tw2	rq	rqy, rq
imperfective	rqq, rqqy, rqqw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	rqq, rqqj6, rqqy6	rqq, rqqw5
prospective	rqw1, rqy, rq, rqtj7	—	rqwtj1 4, rqtj4, rqt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of rqj  

rqj

Derived terms

• rqj jb
• rqw

Descendants

• Bohairic Coptic: ⲣⲓⲕⲓ (riki)
• Fayyumic Coptic: ⲗⲓⲕⲓ (liki)
• Sahidic Coptic: ⲣⲓⲕⲉ (rike)

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 456.9–456.12
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 153
• Hannig, Rainer (1997) Großes Handwörterbuch Ägyptisch-Deutsch: die Sprache der Pharaonen (2800–950 v. Chr.) (Hannig-Lexica; 1), second edition, Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, →ISBN, page 479