sṯꜣ

See also: stꜣ and štꜣ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈsaːcaʀ/ → /ˈsaːtaʀ/ → /ˈsaːtə/ → /ˈsoːtə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈsaːcaʀ/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈsaːtaʀ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈsaːtə/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈsoːtə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛt͡ʃɑ/
  • Conventional anglicization: setja

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to pull
2. (transitive) to bring or usher (someone) in

Inflection

Conjugation of sṯꜣ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: sṯꜣ, geminated stem: sṯꜣꜣ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
sṯꜣ	sṯꜣw, sṯꜣ	sṯꜣt	sṯꜣ	sṯꜣ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
sṯꜣ	ḥr sṯꜣ	m sṯꜣ	r sṯꜣ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	sṯꜣ.n	sṯꜣw, sṯꜣ	consecutive	sṯꜣ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	sṯꜣt
perfective3	sṯꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	sṯꜣ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	sṯꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	sṯꜣ	sṯꜣꜣ	potentialis1	sṯꜣ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	sṯꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	sṯꜣ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	sṯꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2	sṯꜣ	sṯꜣ, sṯꜣw5, sṯꜣy5
imperfective	sṯꜣ, sṯꜣy, sṯꜣw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	sṯꜣ, sṯꜣj6, sṯꜣy6	sṯꜣ, sṯꜣw5
prospective	sṯꜣ, sṯꜣtj7	—	sṯꜣtj4, sṯꜣt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sṯꜣ  

sṯꜣ	stꜣ

Derived terms

• r-sṯꜣw

Descendants

• Bohairic Coptic: ⲥⲱϯ (sōti)
• Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲱⲧⲉ (sōte)

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to weave
2. (transitive) to spin (yarn)

Inflection

Conjugation of sṯꜣ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: sṯꜣ, geminated stem: sṯꜣꜣ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
sṯꜣ	sṯꜣw, sṯꜣ	sṯꜣt	sṯꜣ	sṯꜣ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
sṯꜣ	ḥr sṯꜣ	m sṯꜣ	r sṯꜣ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	sṯꜣ.n	sṯꜣw, sṯꜣ	consecutive	sṯꜣ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	sṯꜣt
perfective3	sṯꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	sṯꜣ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	sṯꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	sṯꜣ	sṯꜣꜣ	potentialis1	sṯꜣ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	sṯꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	sṯꜣ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	sṯꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2	sṯꜣ	sṯꜣ, sṯꜣw5, sṯꜣy5
imperfective	sṯꜣ, sṯꜣy, sṯꜣw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	sṯꜣ, sṯꜣj6, sṯꜣy6	sṯꜣ, sṯꜣw5
prospective	sṯꜣ, sṯꜣtj7	—	sṯꜣtj4, sṯꜣt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 298, 308.
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 255