securis

Latin

Etymology

Related to secō (“cut”) and Proto-Slavic *sekyra (“axe”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”). Compare also how in spite of the continuation of secūris in Spanish as segur one keeps from the verb a segadera with a similar meaning. See also English sickle.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /seˈkuː.ris/, [s̠ɛˈkuːrɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /seˈku.ris/, [seˈkuːris]

Noun

secūris f (genitive secūris); third declension

1. an axe, hatchet with a broad edge

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem, accusative singular in -im or occasionally -em, ablative singular in -ī or -e).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	secūris	secūrēs
Genitive	secūris	secūrium
Dative	secūrī	secūribus
Accusative	secūrim secūrem	secūrēs secūrīs
Ablative	secūrī secūre	secūribus
Vocative	secūris	secūrēs

Synonyms

• ascia

Derived terms

Derived terms

• secūriclātus
• secūricula
• secūrifer
• secūriger

Descendants

• Aromanian: secure
• Dalmatian: sčor
• → Byzantine Greek: τσεκούριον (tsekoúrion), σεκούριον (sekoúrion)
  • Greek: τσεκούρι (tsekoúri)
  • Aramaic:

    Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: סִיקוּרְיָא (sīqūrā, sīqūryā)/סִיקוּרָא (sīqūrā, sīqūryā)

    Classical Syriac: ܣܝܺܩܰܘܪܴܐ (sīqūrā)

    • → Arabic: صَاقُور (ṣāqūr, “flang, pickaxe of a miner”)
      • Yemeni Arabic: صَاقُور (ṣāgūr, “axe”)
• Galician: segur
• Piedmontese: siul
• Lombard: sagür, segù
• Italian: scure
• Portuguese: segure, segura, secure
• Romanian: secure
• Romansch: sigir, siir, sagir, sieir, sgür
• Sardinian: segura, segure, seguri, sigura
• Spanish: segur
  • → Andalusian Arabic: شُقُور (šuqūr, “axe”)
  • → Moroccan Arabic: شَاقُور (šāqūr, “adze of a carpenter; hatchet”)
    • → Central Atlas Tamazight: šaquṛ (“axe”); pl. šwaq^wṛ
      • ⇒ Central Atlas Tamazight: tašaquṛt (“small axe, hatchet”); pl. tašaquṛin
    • → Tarifit: ccaqur (“axe; hatchet”)
  • → Algerian Arabic: شَاقُور (šāqūr, “adze of a carpenter; hatchet”)
    • ⇒ Algerian Arabic: شَاقُورَة (šāqūṛa, šāqōṛa, “small axe, hatchet”)
  • → Tunisian Arabic: شَقُور (šāqūr, šaqūr, “adze of a carpenter; hatchet”)/شَاقُور (šāqūr, šaqūr, “adze of a carpenter; hatchet”)
  • → Egyptian Arabic: شَقُورَة (šaʔūṛa, “adze for agricultural purposes”)
• Venetian: sigureto

References

• “securis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “securis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• securis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• securis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to slaughter victims: victimas (oxen), hostias (smaller animals, especially sheep) immolare, securi ferire, caedere, mactare
    
  • to execute a person, cut off his head: securi percutere, ferire aliquem
    
• “securis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “securis”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin