s- (causative prefix) + qbḥ (“to libate, to purify, to be cool”).
caus. 3-lit.
- (transitive) to refresh (the heart or the dead) (+ m: with (water or offerings)) [Pyramid Texts and Middle Kingdom]
- (intransitive) to give ease (+ n: to)
Conjugation of sqbḥ (causative triliteral / caus. 3-lit. / caus. 3rad.) — base stem: sqbḥ
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
sqbḥ
|
sqbḥw, sqbḥ
|
sqbḥt
|
sqbḥ
|
sqbḥ
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
sqbḥ
|
ḥr sqbḥ
|
m sqbḥ
|
r sqbḥ
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
sqbḥ.n
|
sqbḥw, sqbḥ
|
consecutive
|
sqbḥ.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
sqbḥt
|
| perfective3
|
sqbḥ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
sqbḥ.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
sqbḥ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
sqbḥw, sqbḥ, sqbḥy
|
sqbḥw, sqbḥ, sqbḥy
|
potentialis1
|
sqbḥ.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
sqbḥ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
sqbḥ.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
sqbḥ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
sqbḥ
|
sqbḥ, sqbḥw5, sqbḥy5
|
| imperfective
|
sqbḥ, sqbḥy, sqbḥw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
sqbḥ, sqbḥj6, sqbḥy6
|
sqbḥ, sqbḥw5
|
| prospective
|
sqbḥ, sqbḥtj7
|
—
|
sqbḥwtj1 4, sqbḥtj4, sqbḥt4
|
- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sqbḥ
|
|
|
|
| sqbḥ
|
sqbḥ
|
sqbḥ
|
| [Pyramid Texts]
|
[Pyramid Texts]
|
[Middle Kingdom]
|
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[1], volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 305.14–305.15
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 250
