ustus

Latin

Etymology

Perfect passive participle of ūrō (“I burn”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈus.tus/, [ˈʊs̠t̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈus.tus/, [ˈust̪us]

Participle

ustus (feminine usta, neuter ustum); first/second-declension participle

1. burnt, inflamed
2. nipped, frostbitten; (figuratively) burned
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.679–680:

     vōs date perpetuōs tenerīs sēmentibus auctūs,
     nec nova per gelidās herba sit usta nivēs.

     You [goddesses*]: give continuous growth to tender seedlings,
     and neither let fresh sprouts be burned through frosty snows.
     *Terra and Ceres

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ustus	usta	ustum		ustī	ustae	usta
Genitive	ustī	ustae	ustī		ustōrum	ustārum	ustōrum
Dative	ustō		ustō		ustīs
Accusative	ustum	ustam	ustum		ustōs	ustās	usta
Ablative	ustō	ustā	ustō		ustīs
Vocative	uste	usta	ustum		ustī	ustae	usta

Derived terms

• obūstus

Descendants

• Italian: usto

References

• “ustus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ustus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ustus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Welsh

Etymology

Borrowed from English justice.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈɨ̞sdɨ̞s/, [ˈɨ̞stɨ̞s]
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈɪsdɪs/, [ˈɪstɪs]

Noun

ustus m (plural ustusiaid)

1. justice, magistrate

   Synonym: ynad

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
ustus	unchanged	unchanged	hustus
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.