vigorous

English

Etymology

From Anglo-Norman vigrus, from Old French vigoros (French vigoureux), from Medieval Latin vigorosus, from Latin vigor. Doublet of vigoroso.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvɪɡəɹəs/
• (Appalachians, obsolete) IPA^(key): /ˈvaɪɡɹəs/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪɡəɹəs

Adjective

vigorous (comparative more vigorous, superlative most vigorous)

1. Physically strong and active.
   • 1895, Annual Report of the Ohio State Board of Agriculture (page 280)

     Life in the country will be fuller, richer, and more comfortful, because it is freer, healthier, and more vigorous.

   • 1976, Joni Mitchell (lyrics and music), “Song for Sharon”:

     Now there are twenty-nine skaters on Wollman Rink
     Circling in singles and in pairs
     In this vigorous anonymity

   a vigorous scrub

   a vigorous search

2. Mentally strong and active.
3. Rapid of growth.

   a vigorous shrub

Derived terms

• vigorously

Translations

physically strong and active

• Armenian: զորեղ (hy) (zoreł)
• Bulgarian: силен (bg) (silen), мощен (bg) (mošten)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 剧烈的 (zh)

• Dutch: krachtig (nl), sterk (nl)
• Esperanto: vigla
• Finnish: ponteva, tarmokas (fi)
• Galician: vigoroso
• Georgian: ძლიერი (ʒlieri), ენერგიული (energiuli), მხნე (mxne)
• German: kräftig (de), stark (de), energisch (de), lebhaft (de), kraftvoll (de), heftig (de), flott (de), rüstig (de), eifrig (de), lebendig (de)
• Greek: ακμαίος (el) (akmaíos), ρωμαλέος (el) (romaléos)

  Ancient: εὔτονος (eútonos), γοργός (gorgós), αἰζηός (aizēós) (Epic)

• Hungarian: makkegészséges (hu)
• Irish: bríomhar, ceolmhar, neartmhar
• Italian: vigoroso (it)
• Japanese: 精力的 (seiryokuteki)
• Latin: vegetus, vigrus, strēnuus
• Maori: tūperepere, hauoraora, tūkaha, mākā
• Polish: energiczny (pl)
• Portuguese: vigoroso (pt)
• Romanian: viguros (ro)
• Russian: си́льный (ru) (sílʹnyj), энерги́чный (ru) (energíčnyj)
• Spanish: vigoroso (es)
• Swedish: kraftfull (sv)
• Ukrainian: сильний m (sylʹnyj), енергійний m (enerhijnyj), інтенсивний m (intensyvnyj)

rapid of growth

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 有活力的 (zh)

• Finnish: elinvoimainen, voimakas (fi)
• German: dynamisch (de), kräftig (de), kraftstrotzend (de), kraftvoll (de)
• Maori: tūperepere, haemata