酵

Translingual

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 酉 (“vase”) + phonetic 孝 – fermenting in a vase, making wine. 孝 is composed of “young + old”, hence connotations of “aging (in a vase), fermentation”.

Han character

酵 (radical 164 酉+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一田十大木 (MWJKD), four-corner 1464₇)

1. yeast, leaven

References

• KangXi: page 1283, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39868
• Dae Jaweon: page 1783, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3582, character 8
• Unihan data for U+9175

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Cantonese

Hanzi

酵 (Yale gaau3, haau1)

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Japanese

Kanji

酵 (common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• On: こう (kō)
• Kun: もと (moto)

Compounds

• 酵素 (こうそ, kōso)
• 酵母 (こうぼ, kōbo)
• 発酵 (はっこう, hakkō)
• 醗酵 (はっこう, hakkō)

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Korean

Hanja

酵 (hangeul 효, revised hyo, McCune-Reischauer hyo, Yale hyo)

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Mandarin

Hanzi

酵 (pinyin xiào (xiao4), Wade-Giles hsiao⁴), jiào

Compounds

• 酵母 (xiào mǔ)

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Vietnamese

Han character

酵 (diếu, giếu, dáo, giáo)