crude
English edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English crude, borrowed from Latin crūdus (“raw, bloody, uncooked, undigested, crude”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“raw meat, fresh blood”). Cognate with Old English hrēaw (“raw, uncooked”). More at raw.
Pronunciation edit
- enPR: kro͞od, IPA(key): /kɹuːd/
- (Scotland) IPA(key): /kɹʉd/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -uːd
- Homophone: crewed (except Scotland)
Adjective edit
crude (comparative cruder, superlative crudest)
- In a natural, untreated state.
- Synonyms: raw, unrefined, unprocessed
- crude oil
- Characterized by simplicity, especially something not carefully or expertly made.
- Synonyms: primitive, rough, rude, rudimentary
- a crude shelter
- a crude estimate
- a crude guess
- Lacking concealing elements.
- Synonyms: obvious, plain, unadorned, undisguised
- a crude truth
- Lacking tact or taste.
- (archaic) Immature or unripe.
- (obsolete) Uncooked, raw.
- c. 1503–1512, John Skelton, Ware the Hauke; republished in John Scattergood, editor, John Skelton: The Complete English Poems, 1983, →OCLC, page 63, lines 77–78:
- Her mete was very crude,
She had not wel endude; […]
- (grammar) Pertaining to the uninflected stem of a word.
Synonyms edit
- (statistics: in an unanalyzed form): raw
- See also Thesaurus:raw
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
being in a natural state
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characterized by simplicity
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lacking concealing elements
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lacking tact or taste
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statistics: in an unanalyzed form
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
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Noun edit
crude (countable and uncountable, plural crudes)
- Any substance in its natural state.
- Crude oil.
- 2013 August 3, “Yesterday’s fuel”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:
- The dawn of the oil age was fairly recent. Although the stuff was used to waterproof boats in the Middle East 6,000 years ago, extracting it in earnest began only in 1859 after an oil strike in Pennsylvania. The first barrels of crude fetched $18 (around $450 at today’s prices).
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Portuguese: crude
Translations edit
any substance in its natural state
crude oil — see crude oil
Anagrams edit
Italian edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
crude
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈkruː.de/, [ˈkruːd̪ɛ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈkru.de/, [ˈkruːd̪e]
Adjective edit
crūde
References edit
- crude in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
Middle English edit
Etymology 1 edit
Verb edit
crude
- Alternative form of crouden
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
crude
- unprocessed, uncooked, unworked (in a negative way)
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- English: crude (see there for further descendants)
References edit
- “crūde, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-09-10.
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English crude (“unrefined oil”). Doublet of cru.
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: cru‧de
Noun edit
crude m (plural crudes)
- crude oil (unrefined oil)