film
See also: Film
English edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English filme, from Old English filmen (“film, membrane, thin skin, foreskin”), from Proto-West Germanic *filmīn-, from Proto-Germanic *filmīn- (“thin skin, membrane”) (compare Proto-Germanic *felma- (“skin, hide”)), from Proto-Indo-European *pél-mo- (“membrane”), from *pel- (“to cover, skin”). Cognate with Old Frisian filmene (“thin skin, human skin”), Middle Dutch velm, vilm (“fleece, film, membrane”), Old High German felm (“peel, skin, wrap”), Old English *felma (in ǣġerfelma (“egg membrane”)). Related also to Dutch vel (“sheet, skin”), German Fell (“skin, hide, fur”), Swedish fjäll (“fur blanket, cloth, scale”), Norwegian fille (“rag, cloth”), Lithuanian plėvē (“membrane, scab”), Russian плева́ (plevá, “membrane”), Ancient Greek πέλμα (pélma, “sole of the foot”). More at fell. Sense of a thin coat of something is 1577, extended by 1845 to the coating of chemical gel on photographic plates. By 1895 this also meant the coating plus the paper or celluloid.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /fɪlm/, [fɪɫm]
Audio (Southern England) (file)
- (North East England, Ireland) IPA(key): [ˈfɪlm̩], [ˈfɪləm]
- Rhymes: -ɪlm
Noun edit
film (countable and uncountable, plural films)
- A thin layer of some substance; a pellicle; a membranous covering, causing opacity.
- a clear plastic film for wrapping food
- 1712 (date written), Alexander Pope, “Messiah. A Sacred Eclogue, in Imitation of Virgil’s Pollio.”, in The Works of Alexander Pope Esq. […], volume I, London: […] J[ohn] and P[aul] Knapton, H. Lintot, J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, and S. Draper, published 1751, →OCLC, page 40, lines 39–40:
- He from thick films ſhall purge the viſual ray, / And on the ſightleſs eye-ball pour the day: […]
- (photography) A medium used to capture images in a camera.
- (uncountable) A visual art form that consists of a sequence of still images preserved on a recording medium to give the illusion of motion; movies generally.
- 2014 March 3, Zoe Alderton, “‘Snapewives’ and ‘Snapeism’: A Fiction-Based Religion within the Harry Potter Fandom”, in Religions[4], volume 5, number 1, MDPI, , pages 219–257:
- Despite personal schisms and differences in spiritual experience, there is a very coherent theology of Snape shared between the wives. To examine this manifestation of religious fandom, I will first discuss the canon scepticism and anti-Rowling sentiment that helps to contextualise the wider belief in Snape as a character who extends beyond book and film.
- (countable) The sequence of still images itself; a movie.
- A slender thread, such as that of a cobweb.
- c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:
- Her whip of cricket's bone, the lash of film.
Synonyms edit
- (motion picture): movie
Derived terms edit
- action film
- adult film
- art film
- blood film
- blue film
- bold film
- book of the film
- buddy film
- cine film
- ciné film
- cling film
- cult film
- disaster film
- dry film thickness
- exploitation film
- feature film
- file film
- film at 11
- film at eleven
- film badge
- film badge holder
- film blanc
- film bro
- film comic
- film-craft
- film crew
- film director
- film-goer
- film horse
- filmic
- film industry
- film library
- filmmaker
- film maker
- film-maker
- film making
- filmmaking
- filmography
- filmology
- film out
- film projector
- film punctuation
- film school
- film set
- film-set
- film speed
- film star
- film stock
- film strip
- film studies
- filmy
- fuck film
- genre film
- have seen this film
- horror film
- image film
- Langmuir-Blodgett film
- masala film
- movie film
- musical film
- on film
- package film
- pink film
- popcorn film
- portmanteau film
- quarter-wavelength film
- road film
- Rollin film
- short film
- silent film
- slasher film
- snuff film
- soap film
- sound film
- sound-on-film
- stag film
- talking film
- tentpole film
- theatrical film
- thesis film
- thin-film
- thin film
- thin-film interference
- thin-film transistor
- war film
- λ/4 film
Descendants edit
- → Arabic: فِلِم (filim)
- → Catalan: film
- → Crimean Tatar: film
- → Czech: film
- → Danish: film
- → French: film (see there for further descendants)
- → Galician: filme
- → German: Film
- → Silesian: film
- → Hindi: फ़िल्म (film)
- → Hungarian: film
- → Italian: film
- → Japanese: フィルム (firumu)
- → Lao: ຟີມ (fīm)
- → Norman: film
- → Polish: film
- → Portuguese: filme
- → Punjabi: ਫ਼ਿਲਮ (filam)
- → Russian: фильм (filʹm) (see there for further descendants)
- → Scottish Gaelic: film
- → Serbo-Croatian: фи̏лм / fȉlm
- → Slovak: film
- → Spanish: filme
- → Thai: ฟิล์ม (fim)
- → Urdu: فلم (film)
- → Welsh: ffilm
- → Chinese: 菲林 (fēilín)
Translations edit
thin layer
|
photographic film
|
motion picture — see movie
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
Verb edit
film (third-person singular simple present films, present participle filming, simple past and past participle filmed)
- (transitive, intransitive) To record (activity, or a motion picture) on photographic film.
- A Hollywood studio was filming on location in NYC.
- I tried to film the UFO as it passed overhead.
- 2021 June 30, Tim Dunn, “How we made... Secrets of the London Underground”, in RAIL, number 934, pages 49–50:
- It was truly one of the most horrific filming experiences of my career there, contrasting neatly with some of the best of my career - filming in various off-limits storerooms at LTM's Acton Depot.
- (transitive, intransitive) To visually record (activity, or a motion picture) in general, with or without sound.
- (transitive) To cover or become covered with a thin skin or pellicle.
- c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv], line 146:
- It will but skin and film the ulcerous place.
- 2012, Nathan Archer, Valhalla:
- Her legs folded under her, and her eyes filmed over.
Translations edit
to record a motion picture
|
Anagrams edit
Afrikaans edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch film, from English film, or borrowed from English film.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film (plural films)
Albanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French film, from English film.
Noun edit
film m (plural filma, definite filmi, definite plural filmat)
Declension edit
Azerbaijani edit
| Cyrillic | филм | |
|---|---|---|
| Abjad | فیلم | |
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film (definite accusative filmi, plural filmlər)
Declension edit
| Declension of film | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||||||
| nominative | film |
filmlər | ||||||
| definite accusative | filmi |
filmləri | ||||||
| dative | filmə |
filmlərə | ||||||
| locative | filmdə |
filmlərdə | ||||||
| ablative | filmdən |
filmlərdən | ||||||
| definite genitive | filmin |
filmlərin | ||||||
Further reading edit
- “film” in Obastan.com.
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film m (plural films)
- film (a movie)
- Synonym: pel·lícula
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “film” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Crimean Tatar edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
film
- film (clarification of this definition is needed)
Declension edit
Declension of film
| nominative | film |
|---|---|
| genitive | filmniñ |
| dative | filmge |
| accusative | filmni |
| locative | filmde |
| ablative | filmden |
References edit
Czech edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English film.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film m inan
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “film”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN
Further reading edit
Danish edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film c (singular definite filmen, plural indefinite film)
- a movie, a film, motion picture
- film; a thin layer
- plural indefinite of film
Inflection edit
Declension of film
Derived terms edit
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film m (plural films, diminutive filmpje n)
- A film, thin layer or membrane; especially the physical medium film.
- A film production, movie
- (uncountable) The movie sector, cinema.
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Estonian edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
film (genitive filmi, partitive filmi)
- film (motion picture)
- photographic film
Declension edit
| Declension of film (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | film | filmid | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | filmi | ||
| genitive | filmide | ||
| partitive | filmi | filme filmisid | |
| illative | filmi filmisse |
filmidesse filmesse | |
| inessive | filmis | filmides filmes | |
| elative | filmist | filmidest filmest | |
| allative | filmile | filmidele filmele | |
| adessive | filmil | filmidel filmel | |
| ablative | filmilt | filmidelt filmelt | |
| translative | filmiks | filmideks filmeks | |
| terminative | filmini | filmideni | |
| essive | filmina | filmidena | |
| abessive | filmita | filmideta | |
| comitative | filmiga | filmidega | |
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
French edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film m (plural films)
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- “film”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
German edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Verb edit
film
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English film.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film (countable and uncountable, plural filmek)
- (photography) film (a medium used to capture images in a camera)
- film, movie, motion picture, picture (a recorded sequence of images displayed on a screen at a rate sufficiently fast to create the appearance of motion)
- film, cinematic art, cinema, cinematography (the art of making films and movies)
Declension edit
| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | film | filmek |
| accusative | filmet | filmeket |
| dative | filmnek | filmeknek |
| instrumental | filmmel | filmekkel |
| causal-final | filmért | filmekért |
| translative | filmmé | filmekké |
| terminative | filmig | filmekig |
| essive-formal | filmként | filmekként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | filmben | filmekben |
| superessive | filmen | filmeken |
| adessive | filmnél | filmeknél |
| illative | filmbe | filmekbe |
| sublative | filmre | filmekre |
| allative | filmhez | filmekhez |
| elative | filmből | filmekből |
| delative | filmről | filmekről |
| ablative | filmtől | filmektől |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
filmé | filmeké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
filméi | filmekéi |
| Possessive forms of film | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | filmem | filmjeim |
| 2nd person sing. | filmed | filmjeid |
| 3rd person sing. | filmje | filmjei |
| 1st person plural | filmünk | filmjeink |
| 2nd person plural | filmetek | filmjeitek |
| 3rd person plural | filmjük | filmjeik |
Derived terms edit
Compound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end
References edit
- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Further reading edit
- film in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Dutch film, from English film.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film (first-person possessive filmku, second-person possessive filmmu, third-person possessive filmnya)
- film,
- a thin layer of some substance; a pellicle; a membranous covering, causing opacity.
- (photography) a medium used to capture images in a camera.
- a movie, a motion picture, a recorded sequence of images displayed on a screen at a rate sufficiently fast to create the appearance of motion.
Alternative forms edit
Affixed terms edit
Further reading edit
- “film” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Unadapted borrowing from English film.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film m (invariable)
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
- film in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Javanese edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
film
Further reading edit
- The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2015) “film”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN
Kashubian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film m inan (related adjective filmòwi)
Derived terms edit
verbs
- filmòwac impf
Further reading edit
Masurian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film m inan
Further reading edit
Norman edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
film m (plural films)
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Noun edit
film m (definite singular filmen, indefinite plural filmer, definite plural filmene)
- a film (for taking photographs in a camera)
- a film (thin material, layer or coating)
- a film, movie (cinematic production)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Verb edit
film
- imperative of filme
References edit
- “film” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Noun edit
film m (definite singular filmen, indefinite plural filmar, definite plural filmane)
- a film (for taking photographs in a camera)
- a film (thin material, layer or coating)
- a film, movie (cinematic production)
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “film” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English film.[1][2][3] First attested in the 19th century.[4][5]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film m inan (diminutive filmik, related adjective filmowy)
- film, movie, motion picture (series of pictures creating the illusion of motion)
- film (art of creating such a series of pictures)
- Synonyms: dziesiąta muza, kino
- film (material on which such a series of pictures are recorded)
- (photography) film, photographic film
- Synonyms: błona, klisza, taśma filmowa
- (engineering, sciences) film (thin layer of some substance; a pellicle; a membranous covering, causing opacity)
Declension edit
Declension of film
Derived terms edit
adverbs
nouns
verbs
verbs
- film urwał się pf, film urywa się impf
- zdjąć film z półki pf
Related terms edit
adjectives
adverbs
nouns
Descendants edit
Trivia edit
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), film is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 7 times in scientific texts, 44 times in news, 31 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 15 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 103 times, making it the 602nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[6]
References edit
- ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “film”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language][1] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
- ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “film”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “film”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
- ^ J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “film”, in Słownik języka polskiego[2] (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 742
- ^ film in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
- ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “film”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language][3] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 117
Further reading edit
Portuguese edit
Noun edit
film m (plural filmes)
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French film or German Film, from English film.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film n (plural filme)
Declension edit
Declension of film
References edit
- Romanian vocabulary. In: Haspelmath, M. & Tadmor, U. (eds.) World Loanword Database. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
Scottish Gaelic edit
Etymology edit
From English film, from Middle English filme, from Old English filmen (“film, membrane, thin skin, foreskin”), from Proto-Germanic *filminją (“thin skin, membrane”), from Proto-Indo-European *pél-mo- (“membrane”), from *pel- (“to cover, skin”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film m (genitive singular film, plural filmichean)
Mutation edit
| Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition |
| film | fhilm |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
fȉlm m (Cyrillic spelling фи̏лм)
- film (photography)
- film (motion picture)
Declension edit
Silesian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film m inan
Declension edit
Declension of film
Related terms edit
adjectives
adverbs
nouns
verbs
Further reading edit
- film in silling.org
Slovak edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English film.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film m inan (genitive singular filmu, nominative plural filmy, genitive plural filmov, declension pattern of dub)
- photographic film
- movie, motion picture
Declension edit
Declension of film
Derived terms edit
References edit
Further reading edit
- “film”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film m (plural films)
- Alternative spelling of filme (film, motion picture)
Further reading edit
- “film”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish edit
Pronunciation edit
audio (file)
Noun edit
film c
Declension edit
| Declension of film | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Nominative | film | filmen | filmer | filmerna |
| Genitive | films | filmens | filmers | filmernas |
Related terms edit
- actionfilm
- agentfilm
- barnfilm
- dokumentärfilm
- familjefilm
- feelgoodfilm
- filma
- filmaffisch
- filmarbetare
- filmare
- filmarkiv
- filmateljé
- filmatisera
- filmatisering
- filmatisk
- filmbearbetning
- filmbild
- filmbolag
- filmbranschen
- filmcensur
- filmdebut
- filmduk
- filmepisod
- filmfars
- filmfestival
- filmfotograf
- filmföreställning
- filmförevisning
- filmgala
- filmhistoria
- filmhistorisk
- filmhjälte
- filmidol
- filmindustri
- filminspelning
- filmintresse
- filmintresserad
- filmisk
- filmkamera
- filmkanal
- filmkarriär
- filmkassett
- filmklipp
- filmklubb
- filmkomedi
- filmkomiker
- filmkonst
- filmkontrakt
- filmkritik
- filmkritiker
- filmkrönika
- filmkunskap
- filmkännare
- filmmakare
- filmmanus
- filmmanuskript
- filmmogul
- filmmusik
- filmning
- filmografi
- filmotek
- filmpolitik
- filmpolitiker
- filmpolitisk
- filmpremiär
- filmpris
- filmproducent
- filmproduktion
- filmprojekt
- filmprojektor
- filmrecensent
- filmrecension
- filmregi
- filmregissör
- filmremsa
- filmroll
- filmrulle
- filmrättigheter
- filmsal
- filmsamling
- filmsammanhang
- filmscen
- filmsekvens
- filmskapare
- filmskådespelare
- filmskådespelerska
- filmskådis
- filmsnutt
- filmstjärna
- filmstjärneleende
- filmstudio
- filmsuccé
- filmsvit
- filmsynopsis
- filmteam
- filmteknik
- filmterm
- filmtitel
- filmupptagning
- filmvamp
- filmversion
- filmvetare
- filmvetenskap
- filmvisning
- filmvåld
- filmvärld
- filmälskare
- färgfilm
- genombrottsfilm
- journalfilm
- kalkonfilm
- katastroffilm
- kortfilm
- krigsfilm
- kultfilm
- långfilm
- mastodontfilm
- mikrofilm
- måbrafilm
- oljefilm
- p-film
- pilsnerfilm
- polaroidfilm
- popcornfilm
- porrfilm
- skräckfilm
- snyftfilm
- spelfilm
- spionfilm
- stumfilm
- superhjältefilm
- tecknad film
- videofilm
- västernfilm
- äventyrsfilm
- öppningsfilm
- övervakningsfilm
References edit
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French film, from English film.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
film (definite accusative filmi, plural filmler)
Declension edit
| Inflection | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | film | |
| Definite accusative | filmi | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | film | filmler |
| Definite accusative | filmi | filmleri |
| Dative | filme | filmlere |
| Locative | filmde | filmlerde |
| Ablative | filmden | filmlerden |
| Genitive | filmin | filmlerin |
Derived terms edit
- " streç film" — Light, transparent plastic film used as a wrapping for food etc. —"clingfilm", Saran Wrap (US)
Uzbek edit
Etymology edit
From Russian фильм (filʹm), from English film.
Noun edit
film (plural filmlar)
Declension edit
Declension of film
Possessive forms of film