gluten
English edit
Etymology edit
From French gluten, borrowed from Latin glūten (“glue”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gluten (countable and uncountable, plural glutens)
- (obsolete) Fibrin (formerly considered as one of the "animal humours"). [16th–19th c.]
- 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:, Bk.I, New York, 2001, p.147:
- The radical or innate is daily supplied by nourishment, which some call cambium, and make those secondary humours of ros and gluten to maintain it […]
- (rare) Any gluey, sticky substance. [from 17th c.]
- 1665, Robert Hooke, Micrographia, XXXVII:
- [T]he Fly suspends it self very firmly and easily, without the access or need of any such Sponges fill'd with an imaginary gluten, as many have, for want of good Glasses, perhaps, or a troublesome and diligent examination, suppos'd.
- 1990, Camille Paglia, Sexual Personae:
- The tyrant machine is the female body, grinding and milling the pulp of matter, the gluten of human flesh.
- (cooking, biochemistry) The major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread. [from 19th c.]
- 2004, Harold McGee, chapter 10, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Scribner, →ISBN:
- Chew on a small piece of dough, and it becomes more compact but persists as a gum-like, elastic mass, the residue that the Chinese named “the muscle of flour” and that we call gluten. It consists mainly of protein, and includes what may well be the largest protein molecules to be found in the natural world.
- 2010 June 10, Felicity Cloake, Word of Mouth Blog, The Guardian:
- Unfortunately, wholemeal bread is, according to many experts, a tricky thing to get right, as the lower gluten content of the flour makes for dense results […]
- (geology) A gluey, sticky mass of clay, bitumen etc. [from 19th c.]
- 1988, James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, Oxford, published 2004, page 669:
- Despite constant rain that turned roads to gluten, the Yankees kept moving.
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
cereal protein
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Further reading edit
Anagrams edit
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).
Noun edit
gluten m (plural glutens)
Further reading edit
- “gluten” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “gluten”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “gluten” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “gluten” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: glu‧ten
Noun edit
gluten n (uncountable)
French edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin glūten (“glue”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gluten m (plural glutens)
Further reading edit
- “gluten”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Italic *gloiten, from Proto-Indo-European *glóh₁ytn̥, from *gleh₁y- (“to stick; to spread, to smear”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɡluː.ten/, [ˈɡɫ̪uːt̪ɛn]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈɡlu.ten/, [ˈɡluːt̪en]
Noun edit
glūten n (genitive glūtinis); third declension
Declension edit
Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | glūten | glūtina |
Genitive | glūtinis | glūtinum |
Dative | glūtinī | glūtinibus |
Accusative | glūten | glūtina |
Ablative | glūtine | glūtinibus |
Vocative | glūten | glūtina |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Descendants
References edit
- “gluten”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “gluten”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- gluten in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- gluten in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “glue”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin glūten.[1][2] Doublet of glut and glutyna.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gluten m inan
- (cooking, biochemistry) gluten (the major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread)
- Synonym: (in chemistry) glutyna
Declension edit
Declension of gluten
Derived terms edit
adjective
References edit
- ^ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “gluten”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
- ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “gluten”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
Further reading edit
- gluten in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- gluten in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “gluten”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861[1]
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “gluten”, in Słownik języka polskiego[2] (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 837
- gluten in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
gluten n (uncountable)
Declension edit
declension of gluten (singular only)
singular | ||
---|---|---|
n gender | indefinite articulation | definite articulation |
nominative/accusative | (un) gluten | glutenul |
genitive/dative | (unui) gluten | glutenului |
vocative | glutenule |
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gluten m (plural glútenes)
Further reading edit
- “gluten”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).
Noun edit
gluten n