γυνή
Ancient GreekEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Hellenic *gʷonā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn (“woman”). Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀓𐀙𐀊 (ku-na-ja), Sanskrit ग्ना (gnā́), जनि (jáni), Old Armenian կին (kin), and Old English cwēn (English queen).
PronunciationEdit
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ɡy.nɛ̌ː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ɡyˈne/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ɣyˈni/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ʝyˈni/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ʝiˈni/
NounEdit
γῠνή • (gunḗ) f (genitive γῠναικός); third declension
- woman, female
- Palladas :
- Πᾶσα γυνὴ χόλος ἐστὶν· ἔχει δ’ ἀγαθὰς δύο ὥρας, τὴν μίαν ἐν θαλάμῳ, τὴν μίαν ἐν θανάτῳ.
- Pâsa gunḕ khólos estìn; ékhei d’ agathàs dúo hṓras, tḕn mían en thalámōi, tḕn mían en thanátōi.
- Every woman is an annoyance. She has two good times: one in the bedroom, one in death.
- Πᾶσα γυνὴ χόλος ἐστὶν· ἔχει δ’ ἀγαθὰς δύο ὥρας, τὴν μίαν ἐν θαλάμῳ, τὴν μίαν ἐν θανάτῳ.
- wife
InflectionEdit
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ γῠνή hē gunḗ |
τὼ γῠναῖκε tṑ gunaîke |
αἱ γῠναῖκες hai gunaîkes | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς γῠναικός tês gunaikós |
τοῖν γῠναικοῖν toîn gunaikoîn |
τῶν γῠναικῶν tôn gunaikôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ γῠναικί têi gunaikí |
τοῖν γῠναικοῖν toîn gunaikoîn |
ταῖς γῠναιξί / γῠναιξίν taîs gunaixí(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν γῠναῖκᾰ tḕn gunaîka |
τὼ γῠναῖκε tṑ gunaîke |
τᾱ̀ς γῠναῖκᾰς tā̀s gunaîkas | ||||||||||
Vocative | γύναι gúnai |
γῠναῖκε gunaîke |
γῠναῖκες gunaîkes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ᾱ̔ γῠνά hā guná |
τὼ γῠναῖκε tṑ gunaîke |
ταὶ γῠναῖκες taì gunaîkes | ||||||||||
Genitive | τᾶς γῠναικός tâs gunaikós |
τοῖν γῠναικαῖν toîn gunaikaîn |
τᾶν γῠναικᾶν tân gunaikân | ||||||||||
Dative | τᾷ γῠναικί tâi gunaikí |
τοῖν γῠναικαῖν toîn gunaikaîn |
ταῖς γῠναιξί / γῠναιξίν taîs gunaixí(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τᾱ̀ν γῠναῖκᾰ tā̀n gunaîka |
τὼ γῠναῖκε tṑ gunaîke |
τᾱ̀ς γῠναῖκᾰς tā̀s gunaîkas | ||||||||||
Vocative | γύναι gúnai |
γῠναῖκε gunaîke |
γῠναῖκες gunaîkes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
AntonymsEdit
- ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man, male”)
DescendantsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “γυνή”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “γυνή”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “γυνή”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- γυνή in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- γυνή in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- γυνή in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2022)
- G1135 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.