जनि

Braj

Etymology

From Sanskrit यथा न (yathā na). Equivalent in function to Hindi मत (mat).

Particle

जनि (jani)

1. do not

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• জনি (Assamese script)
• ᬚᬦᬶ (Balinese script)
• জনি (Bengali script)
• 𑰕𑰡𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀚𑀦𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ဇနိ (Burmese script)
• જનિ (Gujarati script)
• ਜਨਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌜𑌨𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦗꦤꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂔𑂢𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಜನಿ (Kannada script)
• ជនិ (Khmer script)
• ຊນິ (Lao script)
• ജനി (Malayalam script)
• ᡯᠠᠨᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘕𑘡𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠽᠠᠨᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦵𑧁𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐖𑐣𑐶 (Newa script)
• ଜନି (Odia script)
• ꢙꢥꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆘𑆤𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖕𑖡𑖰 (Siddham script)
• ජනි (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩣𑩯𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚑𑚝𑚮 (Takri script)
• ஜநி (Tamil script)
• జని (Telugu script)
• ชนิ (Thai script)
• ཛ་ནི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒖𑒢𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨥𑨝𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

The sense “woman” is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰánHiš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn (“woman”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬘𐬇𐬥𐬌 (jə̄ni), 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌 (jaⁱni, “woman”), Persian زن (zan), Central Kurdish ژن (jin), Ancient Greek γῠνή (gŭnḗ) (whence English gyno-), English queen. Doublet of ग्ना (gnā́).

The sense “birth”, which has been conflated with the word for “woman”, is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to give birth”), whence also जन (jana, “people”), जनस् (janas, “race”), जनिमन् (janiman, “birth”), etc.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɐ́.ni/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɐ.n̪i/

Noun

जनि • (jáni) stem, f

1. woman, wife
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda
2. birth, production
3. (botany) a kind of fragrant plant
4. mother
5. birth, i.e. life
6. birthplace

Declension

Feminine i-stem declension of जनि

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	जनिः (jániḥ)	जनी (jánī)	जनयः (jánayaḥ)
accusative	जनिम् (jánim)	जनी (jánī)	जनीः (jánīḥ)
instrumental	जन्या (jányā) जनी¹ (jánī¹)	जनिभ्याम् (jánibhyām)	जनिभिः (jánibhiḥ)
dative	जनये (jánaye) जन्यै² (jányai²) जनी¹ (jánī¹)	जनिभ्याम् (jánibhyām)	जनिभ्यः (jánibhyaḥ)
ablative	जनेः (jáneḥ) जन्याः² (jányāḥ²) जन्यै³ (jányai³)	जनिभ्याम् (jánibhyām)	जनिभ्यः (jánibhyaḥ)
genitive	जन्युर् (jányur)	जन्योः (jányoḥ)	जनीनाम् (jánīnām)
locative	जनौ (jánau) जन्याम्² (jányām²) जना¹ (jánā¹)	जन्योः (jányoḥ)	जनिषु (jániṣu)
vocative	जने (jáne)	जनी (jánī)	जनयः (jánayaḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Later Sanskrit
• ³Brāhmaṇas

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “जनि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 411.