καρδία

See also: καρδιά and Καρδία

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κᾰρδῐ́η (kardíē) — Ionic
• κάρζα (kárza) — Aeolic
• κορζῐ́ᾱ (korzíā) — Arcadocypriot
• κρᾰδῐ́ᾱ (kradíā) — Poetic
• κρᾰδῐ́η (kradíē) — Homeric

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *kərdíyā, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥díyeh₂, from *ḱérd (“heart”). Cognate with Sanskrit हृदय (hṛ́daya), Latin cor, Old Armenian սիրտ (sirt), Old Church Slavonic сръдьцє (srŭdĭce), Old English heorte (whence English heart).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kar.dí.aː/ → /karˈði.a/ → /karˈði.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kar.dí.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /karˈdi.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /karˈði.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /karˈði.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /karˈði.a/

Noun

κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ • (kardíā) f (genitive κᾰρδῐ́ᾱς); first declension

1. heart (as the source of emotion, love, etc.)
2. mind
3. stomach
4. any hollow vessel
5. center or inner part: pith (of wood), depth (of the sea)

Declension

First declension of ἡ κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ; τῆς κᾰρδῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ hē kardíā	τὼ κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ tṑ kardíā	αἱ κᾰρδῐ́αι hai kardíai
Genitive	τῆς κᾰρδῐ́ᾱς tês kardíās	τοῖν κᾰρδῐ́αιν toîn kardíain	τῶν κᾰρδῐῶν tôn kardiôn
Dative	τῇ κᾰρδῐ́ᾳ têi kardíāi	τοῖν κᾰρδῐ́αιν toîn kardíain	ταῖς κᾰρδῐ́αις taîs kardíais
Accusative	τὴν κᾰρδῐ́ᾱν tḕn kardíān	τὼ κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ tṑ kardíā	τᾱ̀ς κᾰρδῐ́ᾱς tā̀s kardíās
Vocative	κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ kardíā	κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ kardíā	κᾰρδῐ́αι kardíai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἐρῠθροκᾰ́ρδῐος (eruthrokárdios)

Related terms

• κῆρ (kêr)

Descendants

• Greek: καρδιά (kardiá)
• Italiot Greek: cardia
• Mariupol Greek: кардъи́я (karðíja)
• → English: cardia (learned)

Further reading

• “καρδία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “καρδία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• καρδία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• “καρδία”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G2588 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • bosom idem, page 90.
  • breast idem, page 96.
  • cardia idem, page 113.
  • heart idem, page 392.
  • reins idem, page 688.
  • soul idem, page 796.
  • stomach idem, page 819.
• “καρδία”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011