κυρτός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The word remains without direct agreement. The comparison with Latin curvus (“curved”) presupposes that the Greek adjective continues a reduced grade *kʷr-to- with u coloring. As a u colored reduced grade is difficult, it is doubtful whether this comparison is valid at all. The comparison with κορώνη (korṓnē, “anything curved”) is also unfounded.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kyr.tós/ → /cyrˈtos/ → /cirˈtos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kyr.tós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kyrˈtos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /cyrˈtos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /cyrˈtos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /cirˈtos/

Adjective

κῠρτός • (kurtós) m (feminine κῠρτή, neuter κῠρτόν); first/second declension

1. bulging, swelling
2. arched, vaulted
3. humped, hunchbacked, gibbous

   Synonym: ὑβός (hubós)

4. convex, outcurved

   Antonym: κοῖλος (koîlos)

Inflection

First and second declension of κῠρτός; κῠρτή; κῠρτόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κῠρτός kurtós	κῠρτή kurtḗ	κῠρτόν kurtón		κῠρτώ kurtṓ	κῠρτᾱ́ kurtā́	κῠρτώ kurtṓ		κῠρτοί kurtoí	κῠρταί kurtaí	κῠρτᾰ́ kurtá
Genitive		κῠρτοῦ kurtoû	κῠρτῆς kurtês	κῠρτοῦ kurtoû		κῠρτοῖν kurtoîn	κῠρταῖν kurtaîn	κῠρτοῖν kurtoîn		κῠρτῶν kurtôn	κῠρτῶν kurtôn	κῠρτῶν kurtôn
Dative		κῠρτῷ kurtôi	κῠρτῇ kurtêi	κῠρτῷ kurtôi		κῠρτοῖν kurtoîn	κῠρταῖν kurtaîn	κῠρτοῖν kurtoîn		κῠρτοῖς kurtoîs	κῠρταῖς kurtaîs	κῠρτοῖς kurtoîs
Accusative		κῠρτόν kurtón	κῠρτήν kurtḗn	κῠρτόν kurtón		κῠρτώ kurtṓ	κῠρτᾱ́ kurtā́	κῠρτώ kurtṓ		κῠρτούς kurtoús	κῠρτᾱ́ς kurtā́s	κῠρτᾰ́ kurtá
Vocative		κῠρτέ kurté	κῠρτή kurtḗ	κῠρτόν kurtón		κῠρτώ kurtṓ	κῠρτᾱ́ kurtā́	κῠρτώ kurtṓ		κῠρτοί kurtoí	κῠρταί kurtaí	κῠρτᾰ́ kurtá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		κῠρτῶς kurtôs				κῠρτότερος kurtóteros				κῠρτότᾰτος kurtótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κῠρταίνω (kurtaínō)
• κῠρταύχην (kurtaúkhēn)
• κῠρτοειδής (kurtoeidḗs)
• κῠρτότης (kurtótēs)
• κῠρτόω (kurtóō)
• κῠ́ρτωμᾰ (kúrtōma)
• κῠ́ρτωσῐς (kúrtōsis)
• κῠρτωτός (kurtōtós)

 

Descendants

• Greek: κυρτός (kyrtós)

Further reading

• “κυρτός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κυρτός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κυρτός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κυρτός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• κυρτός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κυρτός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 808

Greek

Adjective

κυρτός • (kyrtós) m (feminine κυρτή, neuter κυρτό)

1. convex

Declension

Declension of κυρτός

number  case \ gender	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	κυρτός •	κυρτή •	κυρτό •	κυρτοί •	κυρτές •	κυρτά •
genitive	κυρτού •	κυρτής •	κυρτού •	κυρτών •	κυρτών •	κυρτών •
accusative	κυρτό •	κυρτή •	κυρτό •	κυρτούς •	κυρτές •	κυρτά •
vocative	κυρτέ •	κυρτή •	κυρτό •	κυρτοί •	κυρτές •	κυρτά •
derivations	Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο κυρτός, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο κυρτός, etc.)

Antonyms

• κοίλος (koílos, “concave”)

Descendants

• Translingual: Cyrtandra