горча

Bulgarian

Etymology

Causative/iterative from the adjective горък (gorǎk, “bitter, hot”) +‎ -я (-ja).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡorˈt͡ʃɤ̟]

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

горча́ • (gorčá) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. (intransitive) to taste bitter

Conjugation

    Conjugation of горча́ (conjugation 1.2, imperfective, intransitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	горча́щ, горче́щ1 gorčášt, gorčéšt1	горча́л gorčál	горча́л, горче́л1 gorčál, gorčél1	—		горче́йки gorčéjki
	definite subject form	горча́щият, горче́щият1 gorčáštijat, gorčéštijat1	горча́лият gorčálijat	—	—
	definite object form	горча́щия, горче́щия1 gorčáštija, gorčéštija1	горча́лия gorčálija	—	—
feminine	indefinite	горча́ща, горче́ща1 gorčášta, gorčéšta1	горча́ла gorčála	горча́ла, горче́ла1 gorčála, gorčéla1	—
	definite	горча́щата, горче́щата1 gorčáštata, gorčéštata1	горча́лата gorčálata	—	—
neuter	indefinite	горча́що, горче́що1 gorčášto, gorčéšto1	горча́ло gorčálo	горча́ло, горче́ло1 gorčálo, gorčélo1	—	горче́не gorčéne
	definite	горча́щото, горче́щото1 gorčáštoto, gorčéštoto1	горча́лото gorčáloto	—	—	горче́нето gorčéneto
plural	indefinite	горча́щи, горче́щи1 gorčášti, gorčéšti1	горча́ли gorčáli	горча́ли, горче́ли1 gorčáli, gorčéli1	—	горче́ния, горче́нета gorčénija, gorčéneta
	definite	горча́щите, горче́щите1 gorčáštite, gorčéštite1	горча́лите gorčálite	—	—	горче́нията, горче́нетата gorčénijata, gorčénetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		горча́ gorčá	горче́ш gorčéš	горче́ gorčé	горче́м gorčém	горче́те gorčéte	горча́т gorčát
imperfect		горча́х, горче́х1 gorčáh, gorčéh1	горче́ше gorčéše	горче́ше gorčéše	горча́хме, горче́хме1 gorčáhme, gorčéhme1	горча́хте, горче́хте1 gorčáhte, gorčéhte1	горча́ха, горче́ха1 gorčáha, gorčéha1
aorist		горча́х gorčáh	горча́ gorčá	горча́ gorčá	горча́хме gorčáhme	горча́хте gorčáhte	горча́ха gorčáha
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and горча́л m, горча́ла f, горча́ло n, or горча́ли pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and горча́л m, горча́ла f, горча́ло n, or горча́ли pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and горча́л m, горча́ла f, горча́ло n, or горча́ли pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and горча́л m, горча́ла f, горча́ло n, or горча́ли pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and горча́л/горче́л1 m, горча́ла/горче́ла1 f, горча́ло/горче́ло1 n, or горча́ли/горче́ли1 pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and горча́л m, горча́ла f, горча́ло n, or горча́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and горча́л m, горча́ла f, горча́ло n, or горча́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and горча́л m, горча́ла f, горча́ло n, or горча́ли pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and горча́л/горче́л1 m, горча́ла/горче́ла1 f, горча́ло/горче́ло1 n, or горча́ли/горче́ли1 pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and горча́л m, горча́ла f, горча́ло n, or горча́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and горча́л m, горча́ла f, горча́ло n, or горча́ли pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and горча́л/горче́л1 m, горча́ла/горче́ла1 f, горча́ло/горче́ло1 n, or горча́ли/горче́ли1 pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and горча́л m, горча́ла f, горча́ло n, or горча́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and горча́л m, горча́ла f, горча́ло n, or горча́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and горча́л m, горча́ла f, горча́ло n, or горча́ли pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and горча́л m, горча́ла f, горча́ло n, or горча́ли pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			горчи́ gorčí			горче́те gorčéte

¹Largely fallen into disuse.

Derived terms

• огорча́ (ogorčá, “to aggrieve, distress”)
  • огорче́н (ogorčén, “upset, aggrieved”)
• горчи́в (gorčív, “bitter”)
• горчи́лка (gorčílka, “bitter substance”)

References

• “горча”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “горча”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Anagrams

• рогач (rogač)

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡɐˈrʲa]

Participle

горча́ • (gorčá)

1. present imperfective adverbial participle of горчи́ть (gorčítʹ)