хлопам

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xlopati, possibly onomatopoeic.

Verb

хло́пам • (hlópam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective хло́пна)

1. (intransitive) to knock, to clap, to rap, to clatter (to produce loud rattling or clanking noise)

   Synonyms: чу́кам (čúkam), тра́кам (trákam), дръ́нча (drǎ́nča)

   ня́кой хло́па отвъ́н

   njákoj hlópa otvǎ́n

   somebody is knocking outside

2. (transitive) to trample, to slam, to smash (to inflict force with accompanying clapping noise)

   Synonyms: ца́пвам (cápvam), тръ́швам (trǎ́švam)

   хо́пнах си глава́та в ръ́ба на ма́сата

   hópnah si glaváta v rǎ́ba na másata

   [I] have hit my head at the table's edge

Conjugation

    Conjugation of хло́пам (conjugation 3, imperfective, intransitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	хло́пащ hlópašt	хло́пал, хлопа́л1 hlópal, hlopál1	хло́пал hlópal	—		хло́пайки hlópajki
	definite subject form	хло́пащият hlópaštijat	хло́палият, хлопа́лият1 hlópalijat, hlopálijat1	—	—
	definite object form	хло́пащия hlópaštija	хло́палия, хлопа́лия1 hlópalija, hlopálija1	—	—
feminine	indefinite	хло́паща hlópašta	хло́пала, хлопа́ла1 hlópala, hlopála1	хло́пала hlópala	—
	definite	хло́пащата hlópaštata	хло́палата, хлопа́лата1 hlópalata, hlopálata1	—	—
neuter	indefinite	хло́пащо hlópašto	хло́пало, хлопа́ло1 hlópalo, hlopálo1	хло́пало hlópalo	—	хло́пане hlópane
	definite	хло́пащото hlópaštoto	хло́палото, хлопа́лото1 hlópaloto, hlopáloto1	—	—	хло́пането hlópaneto
plural	indefinite	хло́пащи hlópašti	хло́пали, хлопа́ли1 hlópali, hlopáli1	хло́пали hlópali	—	хло́пания, хло́панета hlópanija, hlópaneta
	definite	хло́пащите hlópaštite	хло́палите, хлопа́лите1 hlópalite, hlopálite1	—	—	хло́панията, хло́панетата hlópanijata, hlópanetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		хло́пам hlópam	хло́паш hlópaš	хло́па hlópa	хло́паме hlópame	хло́пате hlópate	хло́пат hlópat
imperfect		хло́пах hlópah	хло́паше hlópaše	хло́паше hlópaše	хло́пахме hlópahme	хло́пахте hlópahte	хло́паха hlópaha
aorist		хло́пах, хлопа́х1 hlópah, hlopáh1	хло́па, хлопа́1 hlópa, hlopá1	хло́па, хлопа́1 hlópa, hlopá1	хло́пахме, хлопа́хме1 hlópahme, hlopáhme1	хло́пахте, хлопа́хте1 hlópahte, hlopáhte1	хло́паха, хлопа́ха1 hlópaha, hlopáha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and хло́пал m, хло́пала f, хло́пало n, or хло́пали pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and хло́пал m, хло́пала f, хло́пало n, or хло́пали pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and хло́пал m, хло́пала f, хло́пало n, or хло́пали pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			хло́пай hlópaj			хло́пайте hlópajte

¹Dialectally marked.

Derived terms

• захлопам pf (zahlopam), захлопвам impf (zahlopvam)
• изхлопам pf (izhlopam), изхлопвам impf (izhlopvam)
• нахлопам се pf (nahlopam se), нахлопвам се impf (nahlopvam se)
• похлопам pf (pohlopam), похлопвам impf (pohlopvam)
• разхлопам се pf (razhlopam se), разхлопвам се impf (razhlopvam se)
• хло́пвам (hlópvam) (semelfactive)

References

• “хлопам”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “хлопам”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010