אדם
Aramaic
editAlternative forms
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editאדם • (adám)
- (biblical) Adam.
- a male given name
Descendants
editHebrew
editPronunciation
edit- Rhymes: -am
- (Biblical Hebrew) IPA(key): /ʔaːˈdaːm/
- (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA(key): /ʔɔːˈðɔːm/, [ʔɔˑˈðɔː.ɔm]
- (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA(key): /ʔɔˈðɔm/, [ʔɔ(ː)ˈðɔːm]
- (Persian Hebrew) IPA(key): /(ʔ)ɒˈdɒm/
- (Syrian Hebrew, Iraqi Hebrew) IPA(key): /ʔaˈdam/
- (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA(key): /(ʔ)ɔˈdɔm/
- (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA(key): /(ʔ)aˈdam/
Audio: (file)
Etymology 1
editRoot |
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א־ד־ם (ʾ-d-m) |
Comparable to Phoenician 𐤀𐤃𐤌 (ʾdm, “man, earthling”), Ugaritic 𐎀𐎄𐎎 (ảdm, “man; red earth, red ochre”), Old South Arabian 𐩱𐩵𐩣 (ʾdm, “vassals, subjects”), Ge'ez ዶም (dom, “slave”), Akkadian 𒀀𒁕𒄠𒈬 (a-da-am-mu /adamu/, “blood”), Akkadian 𒀀𒁕𒈠𒌈 (a-da-ma-tum /adamātu/, “dark red earth or dye”), Akkadian 𒀀𒁕𒈬 (a-da-mu /adamu/, “a red garment”), Akkadian 𒀀𒁕𒈬 (a-da-mu /adamu/, “an important or noble person”). The meaning range points to these words being extensions from Proto-Semitic *dam- (“blood”), compare the Palestinian Aramaic forms of it אדם / אידם / ܐܕܡ (ʾəḏem, “blood”). The meaning development could be any of the following:
- “blood” → “red earth”, “red ochre” → “earthling”;
- “blood” → “man”, as blood is a main ingredient of humans;
- “blood” → “red earth”, “red ochre” → “the dye to paint idols” → hence “an idol” → “an effigy, a likeness” → “a man”;
- “blood” → “blood sacrifice to appease an idol” → hence “an idol” → “an effigy, a likeness” → “a man”;
- “blood” → “red” → “to show red blood in the face, e.g. to blush” → “a human”.
Compare Arabic دُمْيَة (dumya, “statue, idol; effigy, likeness; doll, puppet”), دَمَّ (damma, “to bedaub”).
Noun
editאָדָם • (adám) m [pattern: קָטָל]
- man, human
- אָדָם לְאָדָם זְאֵב ― adám l'adám z'év ― Man is a wolf to man. (cf. homō hominī lupus)
Usage notes
editFor plural, בני אדם (b'né adám) or אנשים (anashím) can be used.
Synonyms
edit- אִישׁ ('ish), בֶּן־אָדָם (ben-adám), בֶּן־אֱנוֹשׁ (ben-enósh), בֶּן־תְּמוּתָה
Derived terms
edit- אָדָם לְאָדָם זְאֵב
- בשלושה דברים אדם ניכר: בכוסו, בכיסו, ובכעסו (bishloshá d'varím adám nikár: b'khosó, b'khisó, uv'kha`asó)
- זְכוּת אָדָם (z'khút-adám)
- מַעֲשֵׂה יְדֵי אָדָם
Descendants
edit- → Ancient Greek: Ᾱ̓δᾱ́μ (Ādā́m), Ἄδαμος (Ádamos)
- → Arabic: آدَم (ʔādam) (see there for further descendants)
- → Aramaic: אָדָם, ܐܳܕܳܡ (ʾāḏām)
- → Ge'ez: አዳም (ʾädam)
Proper noun
editאָדָם • (adám) m
- a male given name, equivalent to English Adam
- (Abrahamism, religion) Adam (the first man and the progenitor of the human race)
Derived terms
edit- בֶּן־אָדָם (ben-adám)
References
edit- “dm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- H120 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Etymology 2
editRoot |
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א־ד־ם (ʾ-d-m) |
Adjective
editאָדֹם • (adóm) (feminine אֲדֻמָּה, masculine plural אֲדֻמִּים, feminine plural אֲדֻמּוֹת)
- defective spelling of אדום (adóm, “red”).
Noun
editאֹדֶם • (ódem) m
- defective spelling of אודם (ódem, “redness”).
Anagrams
edit- Aramaic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Aramaic lemmas
- Aramaic proper nouns
- arc:Biblical characters
- Aramaic given names
- Aramaic male given names
- Rhymes:Hebrew/am
- Rhymes:Hebrew/am/2 syllables
- Hebrew terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hebrew terms with audio pronunciation
- Hebrew terms belonging to the root א־ד־ם
- Hebrew terms derived from Proto-Semitic
- Hebrew lemmas
- Hebrew nouns
- Hebrew terms in the pattern קָטָל
- Hebrew masculine nouns
- Hebrew terms with usage examples
- Hebrew proper nouns
- Hebrew given names
- Hebrew male given names
- he:Abrahamism
- he:Religion
- Hebrew adjectives
- Hebrew defective spellings
- he:Biblical characters
- he:People