Arabic

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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دَمَّ (damma) I (non-past يَدُمُّ (yadummu), verbal noun دَمّ (damm))

  1. to coat, to smear
  2. to paint, to daub, to dye, to tint
Conjugation
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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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دَمّ (dammm

  1. verbal noun of دَمَّ (damma) (form I)
  2. ointment, salve, unguent, liniment
  3. paint
  4. pigment, dye
Declension
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Declension of noun دَمّ (damm)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal دَمّ
damm
الدَّمّ
ad-damm
دَمّ
damm
nominative دَمٌّ
dammun
الدَّمُّ
ad-dammu
دَمُّ
dammu
accusative دَمًّا
damman
الدَّمَّ
ad-damma
دَمَّ
damma
genitive دَمٍّ
dammin
الدَّمِّ
ad-dammi
دَمِّ
dammi

Etymology 3

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    Inherited from Proto-Semitic *dam-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *dam-.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    دَم (damm (dual دَمَانِ (damāni) or دَمَيَان (damayān) or دَمَوَانِ (damawāni), plural دِمَاء (dimāʔ))

    1. (uncountable) blood
    Declension
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    Declension of noun دَم (dam)
    singular basic singular triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal دَم
    dam
    الدَّم
    ad-dam
    دَم
    dam
    nominative دَمٌ
    damun
    الدَّمُ
    ad-damu
    دَمُ
    damu
    accusative دَمًا
    daman
    الدَّمَ
    ad-dama
    دَمَ
    dama
    genitive دَمٍ
    damin
    الدَّمِ
    ad-dami
    دَمِ
    dami
    dual indefinite definite construct
    informal دَمَيْن‎; دَمَيَيْن‎; دَمَوَيْن
    damayn‎; damayayn‎; damawayn
    الدَّمَيْن‎; الدَّمَيَيْن‎; الدَّمَوَيْن
    ad-damayn‎; ad-damayayn‎; ad-damawayn
    دَمَيْ‎; دَمَيَيْ‎; دَمَوَيْ
    damay‎; damayay‎; damaway
    nominative دَمَانِ‎; دَمَيَانِ‎; دَمَوَانِ
    damāni‎; damayāni‎; damawāni
    الدَّمَانِ‎; الدَّمَيَانِ‎; الدَّمَوَانِ
    ad-damāni‎; ad-damayāni‎; ad-damawāni
    دَمَا‎; دَمَيَا‎; دَمَوَا
    damā‎; damayā‎; damawā
    accusative دَمَيْنِ‎; دَمَيَيْنِ‎; دَمَوَيْنِ
    damayni‎; damayayni‎; damawayni
    الدَّمَيْنِ‎; الدَّمَيَيْنِ‎; الدَّمَوَيْنِ
    ad-damayni‎; ad-damayayni‎; ad-damawayni
    دَمَيْ‎; دَمَيَيْ‎; دَمَوَيْ
    damay‎; damayay‎; damaway
    genitive دَمَيْنِ‎; دَمَيَيْنِ‎; دَمَوَيْنِ
    damayni‎; damayayni‎; damawayni
    الدَّمَيْنِ‎; الدَّمَيَيْنِ‎; الدَّمَوَيْنِ
    ad-damayni‎; ad-damayayni‎; ad-damawayni
    دَمَيْ‎; دَمَيَيْ‎; دَمَوَيْ
    damay‎; damayay‎; damaway
    plural basic broken plural triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal دِمَاء
    dimāʔ
    الدِّمَاء
    ad-dimāʔ
    دِمَاء
    dimāʔ
    nominative دِمَاءٌ
    dimāʔun
    الدِّمَاءُ
    ad-dimāʔu
    دِمَاءُ
    dimāʔu
    accusative دِمَاءً
    dimāʔan
    الدِّمَاءَ
    ad-dimāʔa
    دِمَاءَ
    dimāʔa
    genitive دِمَاءٍ
    dimāʔin
    الدِّمَاءِ
    ad-dimāʔi
    دِمَاءِ
    dimāʔi
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    Descendants
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    • Hijazi Arabic: دَمّ (damm)
    • Maltese: demm
    • Moroccan Arabic: دم (damm)
    • Indonesian: dam (punishment)
    • Swahili: damu

    Etymology 4

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    Suggested by Hommel as inherited from a Proto-Semitic *dimm- (wild cat), but presumably borrowed from Ge'ez ድመት (dəmmat), because this is a Lockwort rare in literary Arabic and appears in the dialects only in northwest Yemen, whereas it overspreads all Ethiopian Semitic as the word for the cat; the compared Akkadian 𒁺𒈠𒈬 (du-ma-mu /⁠dumāmu, tumāmu⁠/, leopard) is considered probably a foreign borrowing.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    دِمّ (dimmm (plural دِمَم (dimam), feminine دِمّة (dimma)) (now only Yemen)

    1. cat; wild cat
    Declension
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    Declension of noun دِمّ (dimm)
    singular masculine feminine
    basic singular triptote singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
    indefinite definite construct indefinite definite construct
    informal دِمّ
    dimm
    الدِّمّ
    ad-dimm
    دِمّ
    dimm
    دِمَّة
    dimma
    الدِّمَّة
    ad-dimma
    دِمَّة
    dimmat
    nominative دِمٌّ
    dimmun
    الدِّمُّ
    ad-dimmu
    دِمُّ
    dimmu
    دِمَّةٌ
    dimmatun
    الدِّمَّةُ
    ad-dimmatu
    دِمَّةُ
    dimmatu
    accusative دِمًّا
    dimman
    الدِّمَّ
    ad-dimma
    دِمَّ
    dimma
    دِمَّةً
    dimmatan
    الدِّمَّةَ
    ad-dimmata
    دِمَّةَ
    dimmata
    genitive دِمٍّ
    dimmin
    الدِّمِّ
    ad-dimmi
    دِمِّ
    dimmi
    دِمَّةٍ
    dimmatin
    الدِّمَّةِ
    ad-dimmati
    دِمَّةِ
    dimmati
    dual masculine feminine
    indefinite definite construct indefinite definite construct
    informal دِمَّيْن
    dimmayn
    الدِّمَّيْن
    ad-dimmayn
    دِمَّيْ
    dimmay
    دِمَّتَيْن
    dimmatayn
    الدِّمَّتَيْن
    ad-dimmatayn
    دِمَّتَيْ
    dimmatay
    nominative دِمَّانِ
    dimmāni
    الدِّمَّانِ
    ad-dimmāni
    دِمَّا
    dimmā
    دِمَّتَانِ
    dimmatāni
    الدِّمَّتَانِ
    ad-dimmatāni
    دِمَّتَا
    dimmatā
    accusative دِمَّيْنِ
    dimmayni
    الدِّمَّيْنِ
    ad-dimmayni
    دِمَّيْ
    dimmay
    دِمَّتَيْنِ
    dimmatayni
    الدِّمَّتَيْنِ
    ad-dimmatayni
    دِمَّتَيْ
    dimmatay
    genitive دِمَّيْنِ
    dimmayni
    الدِّمَّيْنِ
    ad-dimmayni
    دِمَّيْ
    dimmay
    دِمَّتَيْنِ
    dimmatayni
    الدِّمَّتَيْنِ
    ad-dimmatayni
    دِمَّتَيْ
    dimmatay
    plural masculine feminine
    basic broken plural triptote sound feminine plural
    indefinite definite construct indefinite definite construct
    informal دِمَم
    dimam
    الدِّمَم
    ad-dimam
    دِمَم
    dimam
    دِمَّات
    dimmāt
    الدِّمَّات
    ad-dimmāt
    دِمَّات
    dimmāt
    nominative دِمَمٌ
    dimamun
    الدِّمَمُ
    ad-dimamu
    دِمَمُ
    dimamu
    دِمَّاتٌ
    dimmātun
    الدِّمَّاتُ
    ad-dimmātu
    دِمَّاتُ
    dimmātu
    accusative دِمَمًا
    dimaman
    الدِّمَمَ
    ad-dimama
    دِمَمَ
    dimama
    دِمَّاتٍ
    dimmātin
    الدِّمَّاتِ
    ad-dimmāti
    دِمَّاتِ
    dimmāti
    genitive دِمَمٍ
    dimamin
    الدِّمَمِ
    ad-dimami
    دِمَمِ
    dimami
    دِمَّاتٍ
    dimmātin
    الدِّمَّاتِ
    ad-dimmāti
    دِمَّاتِ
    dimmāti

    References

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    • Behnstedt, Peter, Woidich, Manfred (2005) Arabische Dialektgeographie. Eine Einführung (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik; 78) (in German), Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, page 200
    • Behnstedt, Peter, Woidich, Manfred (2010) Wortatlas der arabischen Dialekte – Band I: Mensch, Natur, Fauna und Flora (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik; 100) (in German), Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 326–329
    • Hommel, Fritz (1879) Die Namen der Säugethiere bei den südsemitischen Völkern als Beiträge zur arabischen und äthiopischen Lexicographie, zur semitischen Kulturforschung und Sprachvergleichung und zur Geschichte der Mittelmeerfauna. Mit steter Berücksichtigung auch der assyrischen und hebräischen Thiernamen und geographischen und literaturgeschichtlichen Excursen[1] (in German), Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung, pages 318–319
    • Landsberger, Benno (1931) “Lexikalisches Archiv”, in Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete[2] (in German), volume 40, page 296 / Nr. 2
    • Landsberger, Benno (1934) Die Fauna des alten Mesopotamien nach der 14. Tafel der Serie ḪAR-RA = ḫubullu (Abhandlungen der philologisch-historischen Klasse der sächsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften; XLII. Nr. VI)‎[3] (in German), Leipzig: Salomon Hirzel, pages 83–84
    • Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft[4] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 58
    • Soden, Wolfram von (1933) “Der hymnisch-epische Dialekt des Akkadischen”, in Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete[5] (in German), volume 41, page 168 / Fn. 4

    Etymology 5

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    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Verb

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    دُمْ (dum) (form I) /dum/

    1. second-person masculine singular imperative of دَامَ (dāma)

    Chadian Arabic

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    Etymology

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    From Arabic دَم (dam).

    Noun

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    دم (dammm (plural دموم (dumūm))

    1. blood

    References

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    • Heath, Judith, Mahadi, Mahamat Zene (2021) Lexique Arabe Tchadien-Français[6] (in French), 11th edition, N'Djamena, Chad: SIL Chad, page 38

    Egyptian Arabic

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Arabic دَم (dam).

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /damm/, [dæmː] (before a vowel), [ˈdæmːe] (before a consonant), [dæm] (sentence-final)

    Noun

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    دمّ (dammm (uncountable)

    1. blood
    2. (of people) wit; tolerability (see usage notes)

    Usage notes

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    • Sense 2 is only understood when used with certain adjectives, like تقيل (tiʔīl), خفيف (ḵafīf), or بارد (bārid); or with عند (ʕand, to have), where one "having blood" means one is a respectable person, or is well-balanced.

    Hijazi Arabic

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    Etymology

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    From Arabic دَم (dam).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    دَمّ (dammm (dual دَمّين (dammēn), plural دُمَّان (dummān))

    1. blood

    Laki

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    Noun

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    دم (dim)

    1. (anatomy) mouth

    Malay

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    Noun

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    دم (plural دم-دم or دم٢)

    1. Jawi spelling of dam.‎‎

    Moroccan Arabic

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    Etymology

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    From Arabic دَم (dam).

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /damm/
    • Audio:(file)

    Noun

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    دم (dammm (plural دمايات (dmāyāt))

    1. blood
      غلى فيه الدم.
      ḡlā fīh ed-damm.
      He got very angry.
      (literally, “The blood boiled inside of him.”)
      كان كله دمايات.kān kullu dmāyāt.He was covered in blood.

    Ottoman Turkish

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    Etymology 1

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    From Persian دم (dam).

    Noun

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    دم (dem)

    1. breath, respiration
    2. instant, moment
    3. sip, draught
    4. (Bektashism) wine, raki
    Descendants
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    Etymology 2

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    From Arabic دَم (dam).

    Noun

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    دم (dem)

    1. blood
      Synonym: قان (kan)
    Descendants
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    Further reading

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    Persian

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    Etymology 1

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    From earlier دُنْب (dunb), see there for more.

    Pronunciation

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    Readings
    Classical reading? dum
    Dari reading? dum
    Iranian reading? dom
    Tajik reading? dum

    Noun

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    Dari دم
    Iranian Persian
    Tajik дум

    دم (dom)

    1. tail
    Derived terms
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    Descendants
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    Etymology 2

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    From Middle Persian [script needed] (dam), from Proto-Iranian *damH (to blow, breathe; to swell), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰemH- (to blow);[1][2] compare Sanskrit धमति (dhámati, to blow), Lithuanian dùmti (to blow), Polish dąć (to blow), English damp.

    Pronunciation

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    Readings
    Classical reading? dam
    Dari reading? dam
    Iranian reading? dam
    Tajik reading? dam

    Noun

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    Dari دم
    Iranian Persian
    Tajik дам

    دم (dam)

    1. breath
      • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3126:
        چون که من من نیستم این دم ز هوست / پیش این دم هر که دم زد کافر اوست
        čôn ki man man nîstam ên dam za hû-st / pêš-i-ên dam har ki dam zad kâfir û-st
        Since I am not I, this breath (of mine) is from Him: in the presence of this breath if any one breathes (a word) he is an infidel.”
    2. steam
    3. moment
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    Descendants
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    Etymology 3

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    Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos.

    Pronunciation

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    Readings
    Classical reading? dam
    Dari reading? dam
    Iranian reading? dam
    Tajik reading? dam

    Noun

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    دم (dam)

    1. edge
    2. blade

    Etymology 4

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      Borrowed from Arabic دَم (dam).

      Pronunciation

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      Readings
      Classical reading? dam
      Dari reading? dam
      Iranian reading? dam
      Tajik reading? dam

      Noun

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      دم (dam)

      1. (obsolete) blood
        Synonym: خون (xun)

      References

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      1. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 55-56
      2. ^ Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 97

      South Levantine Arabic

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      Etymology

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      From Arabic دَم (dam).

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      دمّ (dammm

      1. blood

      Derived terms

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      Urdu

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      Etymology 1

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      Borrowed from Sanskrit दम (dama).

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      دم (damm (Hindi spelling दम)

      1. taming
      2. self-restraint
      3. self-control
      4. temperance

      Etymology 2

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      Borrowed from Classical Persian دم (dam).

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      دم (damm (Hindi spelling दम)

      1. breath
      2. puff
      3. whiff
      4. life, vitality
      5. energy, vigour
      6. moment, instant
      7. draught
      8. elasticity
      9. strength
      10. ambition
      11. pleasure

      Etymology 3

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      From Sanskrit दम्भ (dambha). Cognate with Persian دم (dam).

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      دم (damm (Hindi spelling दम)

      1. deceit
      2. fraud
      3. trickery
      4. trick
      5. coaxing
      6. arrogance
      7. pride
      8. boasting

      Etymology 4

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        Borrowed from Classical Persian دَم (dam), from Arabic دَم (dam).

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        دم (damm (Hindi spelling दम)

        1. blood

        Etymology 5

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        Borrowed from Classical Persian دم (dum).

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        دم (dumf (Hindi spelling दुम)

        1. tail
        2. end
        3. extremity
        4. follower