ג־ו־ר

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Close cognate to Aramaic ג־ו־ר (g‑w‑r, root relating to living abroad or proselytising) and Classical Syriac ܓـܵܪ (gār, “to commit adultery”).

Other Semitic cognates include Phoenician 𐤂‎𐤓 (g‎r), Ugaritic 𐎂𐎗 (gr, “guest, resident alien”), Sabaean 𐩴𐩥𐩧 (gwr, “to sojourn”), Ge'ez ጎር (gor, “newcomer”) and Arabic ج و ر (j w r, root relating to neighbourhood).

Root

ג־ו־ר • (g-w-r) (hollow root)

1. Forming words relating to residing or sojourning.

Derived terms

Hebrew terms belonging to the root ג־ו־ר‎ (0 c, 3 e)

Verbs and verbal derivatives

• Pa'al: גָּר (gár, “to dwell”)
• Hitpa'el: הִתְגוֹרֵר (hitgorér, “to dwell”)
  • Verbal noun: הִתְגוֹרְרוּת (hitgorerút, “residing”)

Nouns and adjectives

• גֵּר (gér, “stranger, convert”)
• מָגוֹר (magór, “sojourning place”)
• מְגוּרָה (m'gurá, “granary; reservoir, compartment”), מְגוּרִים pl (m'gurím, “dwelling”) (uncertain)

References

• A. Murtonen (1989) “GWR”, in Hebrew in Its West Semitic Setting, Part I, Section Bb, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 130
• Klein, Ernest (1987) “גור”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎^[1], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 95
• “ג־ו־ר”, in Hebrew dictionary and conjugation tables, Pealim.com

Etymology 2

Secondary form of root י־ג־ר (y-g-r), with which it forms a suppletive paradigm.

Root

ג־ו־ר • (g-w-r) (hollow root)

1. Forming words relating to fear.

Derived terms

Verbs

• Pa'al: יגור / יָגֹר (yɔḡor, “to fear”)

Nouns

• מָגוֹר (mɔḡor, “fear”)
• מְגוֹרָה (məḡorɔ, “fear”)
• מְגוּרָה (məḡurɔ, “fear”)

References

• A. Murtonen (1989) “GWR II”, in Hebrew in Its West Semitic Setting, Part I, Section Bb, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 130
• Klein, Ernest (1987) “גור^II”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎^[2], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 95

Etymology 3

From Proto-Semitic *gVr- (“whelp”). Closely related to Aramaic גּוּר (gur) and Classical Syriac ܓܘܼܪܝܵܐ (gūryāʾ, “cub”). Standard Babylonian 𒄀𒅕𒊒 (girru, “lion”) and Arabic جَرْو (jarw, “cub”) are other Semitic relatives.

Root

ג־ו־ר • (g-w-r)

1. Forming words relating to the young of animals.

Derived terms

Nouns

• גּוּר (gúr, “cub”)
  • גּוּרִית f (gurít, “cub”)

References

• A. Murtonen (1989) “GWR Ⅳ”, in Hebrew in Its West Semitic Setting, Part I, Section Bb, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 130
• Klein, Ernest (1987) “גּוּר, גּוֹר”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎^[3], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 95

Etymology 4

From Proto-West Semitic *gawar-, cognate to Arabic جَارَ (jāra, “to wrong”). Compare ג־ר־ה (g-r-h, base related to provoking).

Root

ג־ו־ר • (g-w-r) (hollow root)

1. Forming words relating to attack.

Derived terms

Verbs

• Pa'al: גָּר (gɔr, “to attack”)

References

• Klein, Ernest (1987) “גור^III”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎^[4], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 95