See also: جہان

Azerbaijani edit

Noun edit

جهان

  1. Arabic spelling of cəhan

Ottoman Turkish edit

Etymology edit

From Persian جهان (jahân).

Noun edit

جهان (cihan)

  1. world
  2. universe

Related terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Turkish: cihan

Proper noun edit

جهان (cihan)

  1. a male given name, Jahan

Descendants edit

Persian edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Middle Persian [script needed] (gyhʾn' /⁠gēhān⁠/, worldly creatures, world),[1] from Proto-Iranian *gayθānām, the genitive plural form of Proto-Iranian *gay-θā- (living, existence) (compare Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬉𐬚𐬁- (gaēθā-, world; creature)),[2] equivalent to Middle Persian [script needed] (gēh) +‎ [script needed] (ān), with the former component from Proto-Iranian *ǰáyH- (to live), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰáyH- (to live), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃- (to live).[3]

The original meaning of the word in Old Iranian and Middle Persian was (worldly) creatures, but the term in late Middle Persian and in Modern Persian came to mean ‘world’ in general.

Doublet of کیهان (keyhân).

Pronunciation edit

 

Readings
Classical reading? jahān, jihān
Dari reading? jahān
Iranian reading? jahân
Tajik reading? jahon

Noun edit

Dari جهان
Iranian Persian
Tajik ҷаҳон

جهان (jahân) (plural جهان‌ها (jahân-hâ))

  1. world; universe
    Synonyms: دنیا (donyâ), گیتی (giti), عالم (âlam)
    جَهانِ آزادjahân-e âzâdthe free world
    • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 161:
      تا که نبض از نام کی گردد جهان
      او بود مقصود جانش در جهان‌‌
      tā ki nabz az nām-i kay gardad jihān
      ō buwad maqsūd-i jān-aš dar jahān
      [] so that at whosoever's name her pulse should begin to throb, [he might know that] that person is the object of her soul's desire in the world.
Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit

Proper noun edit

جهان (jahân)

  1. a male or female given name, Jahan
Descendants edit

Etymology 2 edit

جه (jeh, present stem of جستن (jastan, to leap)) +‎ ـان (-ân).

Pronunciation edit

 

Readings
Classical reading? jihān
Dari reading? jehān
Iranian reading? jehân
Tajik reading? jihon

Adjective edit

جهان (jehân)

  1. leaping; bounding
    • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 161:
      تا که نبض از نام کی گردد جهان
      او بود مقصود جانش در جهان‌‌
      tā ki nabz az nām-i kay gardad jihān
      ō buwad maqsūd-i jān-aš dar jahān
      [] so that at whosoever's name her pulse should begin to throb, [he might know that] that person is the object of her soul's desire in the world.

References edit

  1. ^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “gēhān”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 36
  2. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2007) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 3, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 107-8
  3. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 222-3