حدس

Arabic

Etymology

Blend of حَدَّ (ḥadda) with uncertain second element, Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou suggests أَسَاس (ʔasās, “foundation”), another intuition opts instead for حَسَّ (ḥassa, “to feel”). In the same fashion, following Lane’s comparisons, هَجَسَ (hajasa, “to come to mind, to occur”) is apparently from هَجَّ (hajja), whereas in view of عَدَسَ (ʕadasa, “to journey through; to tread hard”) (both verbs like the present with ḍamma and kasra in the non-past) these two senses perhaps instead relate to دَاسَ (dāsa, “to tread”).

Verb

حَدَسَ • (ḥadasa) I, non-past يَحْدِسُ or يَحْدُسُ‎ (yaḥdisu or yaḥdusu)

to conjecture, to ween, to intuit, to foreknow
(obsolete) to spring to mind, to occur
(obsolete) to roam without direction, to journey without guidance
(obsolete) to rush, to hurry through
(obsolete) to tread down
(obsolete) to shoot, to cast, to throw
(obsolete) to aim at, to intend

Conjugation

Conjugation of

حَدَسَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun حَدْس)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					حَدْس ḥads
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					حَادِس ḥādis
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَحْدُوس maḥdūs
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حَدَسْتُ ḥadastu	حَدَسْتَ ḥadasta	حَدَسَ ḥadasa	حَدَسْتُمَا ḥadastumā	حَدَسَا ḥadasā	حَدَسْنَا ḥadasnā	حَدَسْتُمْ ḥadastum	حَدَسُوا ḥadasū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	حَدَسْتُ ḥadastu	حَدَسْتِ ḥadasti	حَدَسَتْ ḥadasat	حَدَسْتُمَا ḥadastumā	حَدَسَتَا ḥadasatā	حَدَسْنَا ḥadasnā	حَدَسْتُنَّ ḥadastunna	حَدَسْنَ ḥadasna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَحْدِسُ or أَحْدُسُ ʔaḥdisu or ʔaḥdusu	تَحْدِسُ or تَحْدُسُ taḥdisu or taḥdusu	يَحْدِسُ or يَحْدُسُ yaḥdisu or yaḥdusu	تَحْدِسَانِ or تَحْدُسَانِ taḥdisāni or taḥdusāni	يَحْدِسَانِ or يَحْدُسَانِ yaḥdisāni or yaḥdusāni	نَحْدِسُ or نَحْدُسُ naḥdisu or naḥdusu	تَحْدِسُونَ or تَحْدُسُونَ taḥdisūna or taḥdusūna	يَحْدِسُونَ or يَحْدُسُونَ yaḥdisūna or yaḥdusūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَحْدِسُ or أَحْدُسُ ʔaḥdisu or ʔaḥdusu	تَحْدِسِينَ or تَحْدُسِينَ taḥdisīna or taḥdusīna	تَحْدِسُ or تَحْدُسُ taḥdisu or taḥdusu	تَحْدِسَانِ or تَحْدُسَانِ taḥdisāni or taḥdusāni	تَحْدِسَانِ or تَحْدُسَانِ taḥdisāni or taḥdusāni	نَحْدِسُ or نَحْدُسُ naḥdisu or naḥdusu	تَحْدِسْنَ or تَحْدُسْنَ taḥdisna or taḥdusna	يَحْدِسْنَ or يَحْدُسْنَ yaḥdisna or yaḥdusna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَحْدِسَ or أَحْدُسَ ʔaḥdisa or ʔaḥdusa	تَحْدِسَ or تَحْدُسَ taḥdisa or taḥdusa	يَحْدِسَ or يَحْدُسَ yaḥdisa or yaḥdusa	تَحْدِسَا or تَحْدُسَا taḥdisā or taḥdusā	يَحْدِسَا or يَحْدُسَا yaḥdisā or yaḥdusā	نَحْدِسَ or نَحْدُسَ naḥdisa or naḥdusa	تَحْدِسُوا or تَحْدُسُوا taḥdisū or taḥdusū	يَحْدِسُوا or يَحْدُسُوا yaḥdisū or yaḥdusū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَحْدِسَ or أَحْدُسَ ʔaḥdisa or ʔaḥdusa	تَحْدِسِي or تَحْدُسِي taḥdisī or taḥdusī	تَحْدِسَ or تَحْدُسَ taḥdisa or taḥdusa	تَحْدِسَا or تَحْدُسَا taḥdisā or taḥdusā	تَحْدِسَا or تَحْدُسَا taḥdisā or taḥdusā	نَحْدِسَ or نَحْدُسَ naḥdisa or naḥdusa	تَحْدِسْنَ or تَحْدُسْنَ taḥdisna or taḥdusna	يَحْدِسْنَ or يَحْدُسْنَ yaḥdisna or yaḥdusna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَحْدِسْ or أَحْدُسْ ʔaḥdis or ʔaḥdus	تَحْدِسْ or تَحْدُسْ taḥdis or taḥdus	يَحْدِسْ or يَحْدُسْ yaḥdis or yaḥdus	تَحْدِسَا or تَحْدُسَا taḥdisā or taḥdusā	يَحْدِسَا or يَحْدُسَا yaḥdisā or yaḥdusā	نَحْدِسْ or نَحْدُسْ naḥdis or naḥdus	تَحْدِسُوا or تَحْدُسُوا taḥdisū or taḥdusū	يَحْدِسُوا or يَحْدُسُوا yaḥdisū or yaḥdusū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَحْدِسْ or أَحْدُسْ ʔaḥdis or ʔaḥdus	تَحْدِسِي or تَحْدُسِي taḥdisī or taḥdusī	تَحْدِسْ or تَحْدُسْ taḥdis or taḥdus	تَحْدِسَا or تَحْدُسَا taḥdisā or taḥdusā	تَحْدِسَا or تَحْدُسَا taḥdisā or taḥdusā	نَحْدِسْ or نَحْدُسْ naḥdis or naḥdus	تَحْدِسْنَ or تَحْدُسْنَ taḥdisna or taḥdusna	يَحْدِسْنَ or يَحْدُسْنَ yaḥdisna or yaḥdusna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِحْدِسْ or اُحْدُسْ iḥdis or uḥdus		اِحْدِسَا or اُحْدُسَا iḥdisā or uḥdusā			اِحْدِسُوا or اُحْدُسُوا iḥdisū or uḥdusū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اِحْدِسِي or اُحْدُسِي iḥdisī or uḥdusī		اِحْدِسَا or اُحْدُسَا iḥdisā or uḥdusā			اِحْدِسْنَ or اُحْدُسْنَ iḥdisna or uḥdusna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حُدِسْتُ ḥudistu	حُدِسْتَ ḥudista	حُدِسَ ḥudisa	حُدِسْتُمَا ḥudistumā	حُدِسَا ḥudisā	حُدِسْنَا ḥudisnā	حُدِسْتُمْ ḥudistum	حُدِسُوا ḥudisū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	حُدِسْتُ ḥudistu	حُدِسْتِ ḥudisti	حُدِسَتْ ḥudisat	حُدِسْتُمَا ḥudistumā	حُدِسَتَا ḥudisatā	حُدِسْنَا ḥudisnā	حُدِسْتُنَّ ḥudistunna	حُدِسْنَ ḥudisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُحْدَسُ ʔuḥdasu	تُحْدَسُ tuḥdasu	يُحْدَسُ yuḥdasu	تُحْدَسَانِ tuḥdasāni	يُحْدَسَانِ yuḥdasāni	نُحْدَسُ nuḥdasu	تُحْدَسُونَ tuḥdasūna	يُحْدَسُونَ yuḥdasūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُحْدَسُ ʔuḥdasu	تُحْدَسِينَ tuḥdasīna	تُحْدَسُ tuḥdasu	تُحْدَسَانِ tuḥdasāni	تُحْدَسَانِ tuḥdasāni	نُحْدَسُ nuḥdasu	تُحْدَسْنَ tuḥdasna	يُحْدَسْنَ yuḥdasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُحْدَسَ ʔuḥdasa	تُحْدَسَ tuḥdasa	يُحْدَسَ yuḥdasa	تُحْدَسَا tuḥdasā	يُحْدَسَا yuḥdasā	نُحْدَسَ nuḥdasa	تُحْدَسُوا tuḥdasū	يُحْدَسُوا yuḥdasū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُحْدَسَ ʔuḥdasa	تُحْدَسِي tuḥdasī	تُحْدَسَ tuḥdasa	تُحْدَسَا tuḥdasā	تُحْدَسَا tuḥdasā	نُحْدَسَ nuḥdasa	تُحْدَسْنَ tuḥdasna	يُحْدَسْنَ yuḥdasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُحْدَسْ ʔuḥdas	تُحْدَسْ tuḥdas	يُحْدَسْ yuḥdas	تُحْدَسَا tuḥdasā	يُحْدَسَا yuḥdasā	نُحْدَسْ nuḥdas	تُحْدَسُوا tuḥdasū	يُحْدَسُوا yuḥdasū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُحْدَسْ ʔuḥdas	تُحْدَسِي tuḥdasī	تُحْدَسْ tuḥdas	تُحْدَسَا tuḥdasā	تُحْدَسَا tuḥdasā	نُحْدَسْ nuḥdas	تُحْدَسْنَ tuḥdasna	يُحْدَسْنَ yuḥdasna

Noun

حَدْس • (ḥads) m

conjecture, weening, intuition, foreknowledge
(philosophy) conjecture

Declension

Declension of noun حَدْس (ḥads)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حَدْس ḥads	الْحَدْس al-ḥads	حَدْس ḥads
Nominative	حَدْسٌ ḥadsun	الْحَدْسُ al-ḥadsu	حَدْسُ ḥadsu
Accusative	حَدْسًا ḥadsan	الْحَدْسَ al-ḥadsa	حَدْسَ ḥadsa
Genitive	حَدْسٍ ḥadsin	الْحَدْسِ al-ḥadsi	حَدْسِ ḥadsi

References

Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 321
Freytag, Georg (1830) “حدس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 355
Lane, Edward William (1863) “حدس”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[2], London: Williams & Norgate, page 531
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “حدس”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[3], London: W.H. Allen, page 267b
Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (2020) “حدس”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 6th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 177b

Persian

Etymology

Arabic حَدْس (ḥads)

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [haðs]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [häd̪s]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäd̪s]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔäd̪s]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [hæd̪s]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [häd̪s]

Readings
Classical reading^?	haḏs
Dari reading^?	hads
Iranian reading^?	hads
Tajik reading^?	hads

Noun

حدس • (hads)

guess, assumption, estimate