Munji

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Noun

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دریا (daryā)

  1. river

Ottoman Turkish

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Etymology

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From Persian دریا (daryâ).

Noun

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دریا (derya)

  1. (geography) river
    Synonym: ایرماق (ırmaq)
  2. (geography) sea
    Synonym: دݣز (deŋiz)

Proper noun

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دریا (Derya)

  1. a female given name, Derya, Darya

References

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  • Redhouse, J. W. (1884) “sea”, in A Lexicon, English and Turkish, 3rd edition, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 667

Persian

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دریا

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle Persian [script needed] (dlydʾp̄ /⁠drayāb⁠/, sea), a merger of āb (water) (whence آب (āb)) with Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎹 (d-r-y /⁠draya⁠/, ocean, sea), from Proto-Iranian *jráyah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ráyas, likely from the BMAC substrate. Cognate with Northern Kurdish zrê, zerya (sea), Avestan 𐬰𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬢𐬵 (zraiiaŋh, sea), Sanskrit ज्रयस् (jráyas, expanse).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? daryā
Dari reading? daryā
Iranian reading? daryâ
Tajik reading? daryo
  • Audio (Iran):(file)
  • (dialectal, Bushehr) IPA(key): [deɾˈjɒː]

Noun

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Dari دریا
Iranian Persian
Tajik дарё

دَرْیا (daryâ) (plural دریاها (daryâ-hâ))

  1. sea; ocean
    Synonyms: اُقْیانوس (oqyânus, ocean), بَحْر (bahr, sea), زِراه (zerâh, sea, ocean)
    در کنار دریاdar kenâr-e daryâon the seashore
    دریا در چرخه آب نقش دارد.
    daryâ dar čarxe-ye âb naqš dârad.
    The ocean plays a role in the water cycle.
    • c. 1320, Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī, “Ghazal 3”, in دیوانِ امیرخسرو دهلوی [Divan of Amīr Khusraw]‎[1]:
      ز عشق ار عاشقی میرد، گنه بر عشق ننهد کس
      که بهر غرقه کردن عیب نتوان کرد دریا را
      zi išq ar āšiqē mīrad gunah bar išq na-nihad kas
      ki bahr-i ğarqa kardan ayb na-tawan kard daryā
      If the lover dies of love, nobody holds love accountable,
      For one does not blame the sea when a person drowns.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
    • mid-1600s, Ṣāʾib-i Tabrīzī, “Ghazal 1012”, in دیوان [Dīvān]‎[2]:
      با کمال احتیاج از خلق استغنا خوش است
      با دهان خشک مردن بر لب دریا خوش است
      bā kamāl-i ihtiyāj az xalq istiğnā xwaš ast
      bā dahān-i xušk mordan bar lab-i daryā xwaš ast
      To disdain people’s help at the utmost height of neediness is fitting;
      To die with a dry mouth at the shore of the ocean is fitting.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
  2. (obsolete or fossilized) river
    Synonyms: رود (rud), رودْخانِه (rudxâne), نَهْر (nahr)
    آمو دریاâmu daryâthe River Oxus
    • c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The Tale of Rustam and Isfandiyār”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]‎[3]:
      بدو گفت چون رستم پیلتن
      ندیده بود کس بهر انجمن
      دل شیر دارد تن ژنده پیل
      نهنگان برآرد ز دریای نیل
      bad-ō guft čōn rustam-i pīltan
      na-dīda būd kas ba har anjuman
      dil-i šēr dārad tan-i žanda pīl
      nahangān bar-ārad zi daryā-yi nīl
      He told him, "The elephant-bodied Rustam's like
      Has not been seen by anyone in any tribe.
      He has a lion's heart and a huge elephant's body,
      And he drags out the crocodiles from the River Nile."
      (Classical Persian romanization)

Derived terms

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Borrowed terms

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Proper noun

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دَرْیا (daryâ)

  1. a female given name, Darya, from Middle Persian

Descendants

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References

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  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “drayā(b)”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press

Punjabi

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Etymology

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From Classical Persian دریا (daryā).

Noun

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دریا (daryām (Gurmukhi spelling ਦਰਿਆ)

  1. (geography) river

Synonyms

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Urdu

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Etymology

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From Classical Persian دریا (daryā, sea, river).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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دَرْیا (daryām (Hindi spelling दर्या)

  1. river
    Synonyms: رُود (rūd), نَدی (nadī)
    وہ دریا کنارے کھڑی ہے
    vo daryā kināre khaṛī hai
    she is standing at the bank of the river
  2. (literary) sea
    Synonyms: سَمَنْدَر (samandar), ساگَر (sāgar)

Derived terms

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