دشنام
Persian edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dwšnʾm /dušnām/), from Proto-Iranian *dušHnā́ma (“insult”), from Proto-Indo-European *dus- (“bad”) + *h₁nómn̥ (“name”). Within Persian, compare دشمن (došman, “enemy”), نام (nâm, “name”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [duʃ.nɑːm]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d̪oʃ.nɒːm]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d̪uʃ.nɔm]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | dušnām |
Dari reading? | dušnām |
Iranian reading? | došnâm |
Tajik reading? | dušnom |
Noun edit
دشنام • (došnâm) (plural دشنامها (došnâm-hâ))
- insult; verbal abuse
- late 14th century, Xāja Shams-ud-Dīn Moḥammad Ḥāfeẓ-e Shīrāzī, “اگر آن ترک شیرازی به دست آرد دل ما را (Shirazi Turk)”, in دیوان حافظ:
Derived terms edit
- دشنام دادن (došnâm dâdan)
- دشنام گفتن (došnâm goftan)
- دشنامگویی (došnâm-guyi)