دف

See also: ذق

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root د ف ف (d-f-f); a more primitive form of د ف ع (d-f-ʕ). The noun “lateral surface” may have to be drawn to the Persianisms and ultimate Sumerianisms in the second etymology instead, if not deriving from a combination of both it and native roots.

Verb

دَفَّ • (daffa) I, non-past يَدِفُّ‎ (yadiffu)

1. to flap the wings (of a bird)

Conjugation

Conjugation of

دَفَّ

(form-I geminate, verbal noun دَفِيف)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						دَفِيف dafīf
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						دَافّ dāff
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	دَفَفْتُ dafaftu	دَفَفْتَ dafafta	دَفَّ daffa		دَفَفْتُمَا dafaftumā	دَفَّا daffā		دَفَفْنَا dafafnā	دَفَفْتُمْ dafaftum	دَفُّوا daffū
	f		دَفَفْتِ dafafti	دَفَّتْ daffat			دَفَّتَا daffatā			دَفَفْتُنَّ dafaftunna	دَفَفْنَ dafafna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَدِفُّ ʔadiffu	تَدِفُّ tadiffu	يَدِفُّ yadiffu		تَدِفَّانِ tadiffāni	يَدِفَّانِ yadiffāni		نَدِفُّ nadiffu	تَدِفُّونَ tadiffūna	يَدِفُّونَ yadiffūna
	f		تَدِفِّينَ tadiffīna	تَدِفُّ tadiffu			تَدِفَّانِ tadiffāni			تَدْفِفْنَ tadfifna	يَدْفِفْنَ yadfifna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَدِفَّ ʔadiffa	تَدِفَّ tadiffa	يَدِفَّ yadiffa		تَدِفَّا tadiffā	يَدِفَّا yadiffā		نَدِفَّ nadiffa	تَدِفُّوا tadiffū	يَدِفُّوا yadiffū
	f		تَدِفِّي tadiffī	تَدِفَّ tadiffa			تَدِفَّا tadiffā			تَدْفِفْنَ tadfifna	يَدْفِفْنَ yadfifna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَدِفَّ or أَدِفِّ or أَدْفِفْ ʔadiffa or ʔadiffi or ʔadfif	تَدِفَّ or تَدِفِّ or تَدْفِفْ tadiffa or tadiffi or tadfif	يَدِفَّ or يَدِفِّ or يَدْفِفْ yadiffa or yadiffi or yadfif		تَدِفَّا tadiffā	يَدِفَّا yadiffā		نَدِفَّ or نَدِفِّ or نَدْفِفْ nadiffa or nadiffi or nadfif	تَدِفُّوا tadiffū	يَدِفُّوا yadiffū
	f		تَدِفِّي tadiffī	تَدِفَّ or تَدِفِّ or تَدْفِفْ tadiffa or tadiffi or tadfif			تَدِفَّا tadiffā			تَدْفِفْنَ tadfifna	يَدْفِفْنَ yadfifna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		دِفَّ or دِفِّ or اِدْفِفْ diffa or diffi or idfif			دِفَّا diffā				دِفُّوا diffū
	f		دِفِّي diffī							اِدْفِفْنَ idfifna

Noun

دَفّ • (daff) m (plural دُفُوف (dufūf))

1. side, lateral surface

Declension

Declension of noun دَفّ (daff)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دَفّ daff	الدَّفّ ad-daff	دَفّ daff
Nominative	دَفٌّ daffun	الدَّفُّ ad-daffu	دَفُّ daffu
Accusative	دَفًّا daffan	الدَّفَّ ad-daffa	دَفَّ daffa
Genitive	دَفٍّ daffin	الدَّفِّ ad-daffi	دَفِّ daffi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دَفَّيْن daffayn	الدَّفَّيْن ad-daffayn	دَفَّيْ daffay
Nominative	دَفَّانِ daffāni	الدَّفَّانِ ad-daffāni	دَفَّا daffā
Accusative	دَفَّيْنِ daffayni	الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-daffayni	دَفَّيْ daffay
Genitive	دَفَّيْنِ daffayni	الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-daffayni	دَفَّيْ daffay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُفُوف dufūf	الدُّفُوف ad-dufūf	دُفُوف dufūf
Nominative	دُفُوفٌ dufūfun	الدُّفُوفُ ad-dufūfu	دُفُوفُ dufūfu
Accusative	دُفُوفًا dufūfan	الدُّفُوفَ ad-dufūfa	دُفُوفَ dufūfa
Genitive	دُفُوفٍ dufūfin	الدُّفُوفِ ad-dufūfi	دُفُوفِ dufūfi

Related terms

• دَفَّة (daffa, “wing, casement”)
• دِفِّيَّة (diffiyya, “loose Egyptian woolen cloak”)

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian 𐭣𐭯 (dap), ultimately from Sumerian 𒁾 (dub, “tablet”).

Noun

دُفّ or دَفّ • (duff or daff) m (plural دُفُوف (dufūf))

1. (music) tambourine

Declension

Declension of noun دُفّ (duff)‎; دَفّ (daff)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُفّ‎; دَفّ duff‎; daff	الدُّفّ‎; الدَّفّ ad-duff‎; ad-daff	دُفّ‎; دَفّ duff‎; daff
Nominative	دُفٌّ‎; دَفٌّ duffun‎; daffun	الدُّفُّ‎; الدَّفُّ ad-duffu‎; ad-daffu	دُفُّ‎; دَفُّ duffu‎; daffu
Accusative	دُفًّا‎; دَفًّا duffan‎; daffan	الدُّفَّ‎; الدَّفَّ ad-duffa‎; ad-daffa	دُفَّ‎; دَفَّ duffa‎; daffa
Genitive	دُفٍّ‎; دَفٍّ duffin‎; daffin	الدُّفِّ‎; الدَّفِّ ad-duffi‎; ad-daffi	دُفِّ‎; دَفِّ duffi‎; daffi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُفَّيْن‎; دَفَّيْن duffayn‎; daffayn	الدُّفَّيْن‎; الدَّفَّيْن ad-duffayn‎; ad-daffayn	دُفَّيْ‎; دَفَّيْ duffay‎; daffay
Nominative	دُفَّانِ‎; دَفَّانِ duffāni‎; daffāni	الدُّفَّانِ‎; الدَّفَّانِ ad-duffāni‎; ad-daffāni	دُفَّا‎; دَفَّا duffā‎; daffā
Accusative	دُفَّيْنِ‎; دَفَّيْنِ duffayni‎; daffayni	الدُّفَّيْنِ‎; الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-duffayni‎; ad-daffayni	دُفَّيْ‎; دَفَّيْ duffay‎; daffay
Genitive	دُفَّيْنِ‎; دَفَّيْنِ duffayni‎; daffayni	الدُّفَّيْنِ‎; الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-duffayni‎; ad-daffayni	دُفَّيْ‎; دَفَّيْ duffay‎; daffay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُفُوف dufūf	الدُّفُوف ad-dufūf	دُفُوف dufūf
Nominative	دُفُوفٌ dufūfun	الدُّفُوفُ ad-dufūfu	دُفُوفُ dufūfu
Accusative	دُفُوفًا dufūfan	الدُّفُوفَ ad-dufūfa	دُفُوفَ dufūfa
Genitive	دُفُوفٍ dufūfin	الدُّفُوفِ ad-dufūfi	دُفُوفِ dufūfi

Derived terms

• دَفَّاف (daffāf, “tambourine player”)

Descendants

• → Catalan: alduf, adufle
• → Old Galician-Portuguese: adufe, aduffe
  • Galician: adufe
  • Portuguese: adufe, adufo
• → Spanish: adufe, adufre

Baluchi

Noun

دف • (daf)

1. mouth

See also

• دپ (dap)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian دف (daf), ultimately from Sumerian 𒁾 (dub, “tablet”).

Noun

دف • (def, tef)

1. daf (a Persian frame drum)

Descendants

• Turkish: tef

Persian

Alternative forms

• دپ (dap)

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭣𐭯 (dp /⁠dap⁠/), ultimately from Sumerian 𒁾 (dub, “tablet”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [daf]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äf]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äf]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪äf]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪äf]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪æf]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äf]

Readings
Classical reading?	daf
Dari reading?	daf
Iranian reading?	daf
Tajik reading?	daf

Noun

Dari	دف
Iranian Persian
Tajik	даф

دف • (daf)

1. daf (a Persian frame drum)

Descendants

• → English: daf
• → Ottoman Turkish: دف (def, tef)
  • Turkish: tef
• → Uyghur: داپ (dap)
  • → Chinese: 達甫／达甫 (dáfǔ), 達卜／达卜 (dábǔ), 達普／达普 (dápǔ)