अद्

See also: अदा

Kolami

Alternative forms

• అద్ (ad) — Telugu script

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *atu. Cognate with Kannada ಅದು (adu), Malayalam അത് (atŭ), Tamil அது (atu). From அ (a, pronominal base), see Proto-Dravidian *a-. Cognate with Kannada ಅದು (adu), Malayalam അത് (atŭ), Telugu అది (adi).

Pronoun

अद् (ad)

1. she, it, that
2. non-masculine third-person singular distal pronoun; it or she

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• অদ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬅᬤ᭄ (Balinese script)
• অদ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰀𑰟𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀅𑀤𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• အဒ် (Burmese script)
• અદ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਅਦ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌅𑌦𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦢ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂃𑂠𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಅದ್ (Kannada script)
• អទ៑ (Khmer script)
• ອທ຺ (Lao script)
• അദ് (Malayalam script)
• ᠠᡩ (Manchu script)
• 𑘀𑘟𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢑ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦠𑦿𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐀𑐡𑑂 (Newa script)
• ଅଦ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢂꢣ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆃𑆢𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖀𑖟𑖿 (Siddham script)
• අද් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩭 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚀𑚛𑚶 (Takri script)
• அத்³ (Tamil script)
• అద్ (Telugu script)
• อทฺ (Thai script)
• ཨ་ད྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒁𑒠𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨛𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Had-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Had-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed-. Cognates include Avestan 𐬀𐬛 (ad), Hittite 𒂊𒀉𒈪 (e-id-mi, “I eat”), Ancient Greek ἔδω (édō), Latin edō, Old Armenian ուտեմ (utem, “to eat”), Gothic 𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (itan), Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti), Old Irish estir (“he may eat”), English eat.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐd/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐd̪/

Root

अद् • (ad)

1. to eat

   Synonyms: घस् (ghas), खाद् (khād)

Usage notes

In Vedic, this root is suppleted by घस् (ghas) (for aorist, perfect, desiderative, and past participle) and by आवयत् (ā́vayat) (for 2/3sg. imperfect).

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root अद् (0 c, 11 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root अद् (6 c, 0 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

• अत्ति (átti) (Present)
• अत्स्यति (atsyáti) (Future)
• अत्ता (attā́) (Periphrastic Future)
• अद्यात् (adyā́t) (Benedictive)
• आद (ā́da) (Perfect)

Secondary Forms

• अद्यते (adyáte) (Passive)
• आदयति (ādayati) (Causative)
• आदिदत् (ā́didat) (Causative Aorist)

Non-Finite Forms

• अत्तुम् (áttum) (Infinitive)
• अत्तवे (áttave) (Infinitive)
• अत्तोस् (attos) (Infinitive)
• अत्त्वा (attvā́) (Gerund)
• अत्त्वाय (attvā́ya) (Gerund)
• अदनीय (adanī́ya) (Gerundive)
• अत्तव्य (attavyà) (Gerundive)
• आद्य (ādyà) (Gerundive)
• अद्य (adya) (Gerundive)

Derived Nominal Forms

• अत्ति (attí)
• अत्तृ (attṛ́)
• अत्र (átra, “food”)
• अद् (ad)
• अद (ada)
• अदक (adaka)
• अदन (adana)
• अद्मन् (ádman)
• अद्वन् (advan)
• अद्वर (advara)
• अन्न (ánna)
• आदन (ā́dana)
• आदिन् (ādín)
• अन्नाद्य (annādya)

Prefixed Root Forms

• अप्यद् (apyad)
• प्रत्यद् (pratyad)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “अद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 17, column 3.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 3
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “ad”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 61-2
• Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “ad”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 8-9
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 230-1