it
TranslingualEdit
EtymologyEdit
SymbolEdit
it
EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English it, hit ( > dialectal English hit (“it”)), from Old English hit (“it”), from Proto-Germanic *hit (“this, this one”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe-, *ḱey- (“this, here”). Cognate with West Frisian it (“it”), Saterland Frisian et, 't (“it”), Low German it (“it”), Dutch het (“it”), German es (“it”), Latin cis, hic. More at he.
PronunciationEdit
- (stressed)
- (Received Pronunciation, General American, General Australian) IPA(key): /ɪt/ enPR: ĭt
- (New Zealand) IPA(key): /ɘt/
Audio (UK) (file) Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ɪt
- (unstressed)
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɪt/, [ɪ̈t], [ɪt]
- Rhymes: -ɪt
- (General American) IPA(key): /ət/, [ɪ̈t], enPR: ət
- (General Australian) IPA(key): /ət/
- (New Zealand) IPA(key): /ɘt/
- Homophone: at (unstressed) (General American, General Australian)
PronounEdit
it (subjective and objective it, reflexive and intensive itself, possessive determiner and pronoun its)
- The third-person singular personal pronoun used to refer to an inanimate object, abstract entity, or non-human living thing.
- Take this book and put it on the shelf.
- Take each day as it comes.
- I found a poor little cat. It seems to be half starving.
- 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)
- It is not a pen. It is a book.
Audio (US) (file)
- It is not a pen. It is a book.
- A third-person singular personal pronoun used to refer to a baby or child, especially of unknown gender.
- She took the baby and held it in her arms.
- 1847, Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre, Chapter IV:
- A child cannot quarrel with its elders, as I had done; cannot give its furious feelings uncontrolled play, as I had given mine, without experiencing afterwards the pang of remorse and the chill of reaction.
- 1859, Wilkie Collins, The Woman in White[1]:
- I could only encourage Mrs. Clements to speak next of Anne's early days […] "There was nobody else, sir, to take the little helpless creature in hand," replied Mrs. Clements. "The wicked mother seemed to hate it—as if the poor baby was in fault!—from the day it was born. My heart was heavy for the child, and I made the offer to bring it up as tenderly as if it was my own."
"Did Anne remain entirely under your care from that time?"
"Not quite entirely, sir. Mrs. Catherick had her whims and fancies about it at times, and used now and then to lay claim to the child, as if she wanted to spite me for bringing it up.
- 2005, Marcus Zusak, The Book Thief, part 10:
- The sky was dripping. Like a tap that a child has tried its hardest to turn off but hasn't quite managed.
- (obsolete) An affectionate third-person singular personal pronoun.
- 1890, George Manville Fenn, Black Blood
- " […] It's my belief that you don't know your own mind."
"I don't, dear," said Hulda, nestling to him.
"Why, what a puss it is!" cried Sir Philip, kissing her tenderly.
- " […] It's my belief that you don't know your own mind."
- 1897, Olive Pratt Rayner (Grant Allen), The Type-Writer Girl
- She caught my eye, and laughed. “What a funny girl it is!” she cried. “You are so comical! But it isn't the least use your trying to frighten me. I can see the twinkle in your big black eyes; and I like you in spite of your trying to be horrid. Do you know, I liked you from the first moment I saw you.”
- 1905, The Harvard Monthly (volumes 39-40, page 183)
- WILLIAM: You don't like me better?
CLARA: Indeed I do.
WILLIAM (laughing): Well, what a dear girl it is.
CLARA (flinging her arms around his neck with suddenly disclosed passion): Oh, I do love you!
- WILLIAM: You don't like me better?
- 1890, George Manville Fenn, Black Blood
- (chiefly derogatory, offensive) A third-person singular personal pronoun used to refer to an animate referent who is transgender or is neither female nor male.
- 1993, Bruce Coville, Aliens Ate My Homework, pages 72–73:
- "Oh, don't be silly. I am neither male nor female. I'm a farfel." […] "It. Refer to me as an it."
"That seems pretty rude," I said nervously.
"Not as rude as calling me a he or a she," it said.
- "Oh, don't be silly. I am neither male nor female. I'm a farfel." […] "It. Refer to me as an it."
- 1993, Bruce Coville, Aliens Ate My Homework, pages 72–73:
- Used to refer to someone being identified, often on the phone, but not limited to this situation.
- It's me. John.
- Is it her?
- It is I, your king.
- The impersonal pronoun, used without referent as the subject of an impersonal verb or statement (known as the dummy pronoun, dummy it or weather it).
- It is nearly 10 o’clock.
- It’s 10:45.
- It’s very cold today.
- It’s lonely without you.
- The impersonal pronoun, used without referent, or with unstated but contextually implied referent, in various short idioms or expressions.
- Referring to a desirable quality or ability, or quality of being successful, fashionable or in vogue.
- After all these years, she still has it.
- 2021, Seth Wickersham, It's Better to Be Feared: The New England Patriots Dynasty and the Pursuit of Greatness, Liveright Publishing, →ISBN:
- Later that night, a friend told Brady, “Still got it.” “Never lost it,” he replied. THAT WAS MOSTLY TRUE. But the 2013 season ended with the Patriots coaches wondering whether Brady's skills were in a subtle but irrevocable decline […]
- Referring to sexual intercourse or other sexual activity.
- I caught them doing it.
- Are you getting it regularly?
- 1991, Stephen Fry, The Liar, London: Heinemann, →OCLC, page 14:
- The great advantage of English public school life lies of course in the quality of tutelage it provides. Adrian had received a decent and broad English education in the area of his loins... He had quickly happened upon the truth which many lonely contemporaries would never discover, the truth that everybody, simply everybody, was panting for it and could, with patience, be shown that they were panting for it. So Adrian grabbed what was to hand and had the time of his life genitally—focusing exclusively on his own gender of course, for this was 1973 and girls had not yet been invented.
- Referring to a desirable quality or ability, or quality of being successful, fashionable or in vogue.
- (uncountable) Sex appeal, especially that which goes beyond physical appearance.
- 1904, Rudyard Kipling, "Mrs Bathurst"
- 'Tisn't beauty, so to speak, nor good talk necessarily. It's just It. Some women'll stay in a man's memory if they once walked down a street
- 1927, Dorothy Parker:
- And she had It. It, hell; she had Those.
- 1904, Rudyard Kipling, "Mrs Bathurst"
- The impersonal pronoun, used as a placeholder for a delayed subject, or less commonly, object; known as the dummy pronoun (according to some definitions), anticipatory it or, more formally in linguistics, a syntactic expletive. The delayed subject is commonly a to-infinitive, a gerund, or a noun clause introduced by a subordinating conjunction.
- It is easy to see how she would think that.(with the infinitive clause headed by to see)
- 1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:
- "I know now!" said I. "I have seen this in your face a long while."
"No; have you really, my dear?" said he. "What a Dame Durden it is to read a face!"
- I find it odd that you would say that.(with the noun clause introduced by that)
- It is hard seeing you so sick.(with the gerund seeing)
- He saw to it that everyone would vote for him.(with the noun clause introduced by that)
- It is not clear if the report was true.(with the noun clause introduced by if)
- All or the end; something after which there is no more.
- Are there more students in this class, or is this it?
- That's it—I'm not going to any more candy stores with you.
- (obsolete) Followed by an omitted and understood relative pronoun: That which; what.
- 1643, Thomas Browne, Religio Medici, II.2:
- In briefe, I am content, and what should providence add more? Surely this is it [= it which] wee call Happinesse, and this doe I enjoy [...].
- 1643, Thomas Browne, Religio Medici, II.2:
Usage notesEdit
- See Wiktionary:English inflection, Appendix:English pronouns and Appendix:English third-person singular pronouns for other personal pronouns.
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:it.
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
See alsoEdit
DeterminerEdit
it
- (obsolete) Its.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Leviticus 25:5:
- That which groweth of it owne accord of thy haruest, thou ſhalt not reape, neither gather the grapes of thy Uine vndreſſed: for it is a yeere of reſt vnto the land.
NounEdit
it (plural its)
- One who is neither a he nor a she; a creature; a dehumanized being.
- 1920, Herman Cyril McNeile, Bulldog Drummond Chapter 1
- His master glanced up quickly, and removed the letter from his hands. "I'm surprised at you, James," he remarked severely. "A secretary should control itself. Don't forget that the perfect secretary is an it: an automatic machine—a thing incapable of feeling.…"
- 1995, Neil Weiner, Sharon E. Robinson Kurpius, Shattered innocence (page 8)
- Too often, children become an "it" in their homes and their humanness is devalued.
- 1920, Herman Cyril McNeile, Bulldog Drummond Chapter 1
- The person who chases and tries to catch the other players in the playground game of tag.
- In the next game, Adam and Tom will be it…
- 2000, Katherine T. Thomas, Amelia M. Lee, Jerry R. Thomas, Physical education for children (page 464)
- When there are only two children left who haven't been tagged, I will stop the game, and we will start over with those children starting as the Its.
- (Britain, uncountable) The game of tag.
- Let's play it at breaktime.
- Alternative letter-case form of It (“force in the vitalist approach of Georg Groddeck”)
- 1988, Frederic D. Homer, The Interpretation of Illness, Purdue University Press, →ISBN, page 27:
- For Groddeck, the it is given, unknowable, and he does not try to conceptualize drives or forces. Early life and sexuality permeate […]
- Alternative letter-case form of It (“the id”)
- 2015, Charis Charalampous, Rethinking the Mind-Body Relationship in Early Modern Literature, Philosophy, and Medicine: The Renaissance of the Body, Routledge, →ISBN, page 36:
- […] thus reversing the roles of the I and the it, the former now occupying the place of the latter and vice versa. An awareness of our bisubjective nature (it and me) requires thus an I as a third term that slides between […]
TranslationsEdit
AdjectiveEdit
it (not comparable)
- (colloquial) Most fashionable, popular, or in vogue.
- 2007 September, Vibe, volume 15, number 9, page 202:
- Going away for the weekend and feel the need to profile en route? This is the "it" bag.
- 2010, David Germain, Hilarious ‘Kick-Ass’ delivers bloody fun, Associated Press
- With Hit Girl, Moretz is this year's It Girl, alternately sweet, savage and scary.
- 2021 October 4, Robert P, “Are Golden Goose Sneakers Worth It? My Honest Review Of Golden Goose Sneakers”, in Gold Talk Club[2]:
- These Italian made sneakers quickly became an it shoe and the trend is not going anywhere any time soon!
- 2007 September, Vibe, volume 15, number 9, page 202:
ReferencesEdit
AnagramsEdit
AzerbaijaniEdit
Cyrillic | ит | |
---|---|---|
Perso-Arabic | ایت |
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Turkic *it, *ït (“canine”).
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
NounEdit
it (definite accusative iti, plural itlər)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of it | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | it |
itlər | ||||||
definite accusative | iti |
itləri | ||||||
dative | itə |
itlərə | ||||||
locative | itdə |
itlərdə | ||||||
ablative | itdən |
itlərdən | ||||||
definite genitive | itin |
itlərin |
Derived termsEdit
- itbaz (“caninophile”)
See alsoEdit
Further readingEdit
- “it” in Obastan.com.
CharruaEdit
NounEdit
it
ReferencesEdit
- Rodolfo Maruca Sosa, La nación charrúa (1957)
ChuukeseEdit
NounEdit
it
Crimean TatarEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Turkic *it, *ït.
NounEdit
it
SynonymsEdit
ReferencesEdit
IrishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
ContractionEdit
it (triggers lenition)
Related termsEdit
Basic form | Contracted with | Copular forms | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
an (“the sg”) | na (“the pl”) | mo (“my”) | do (“your”) | a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) | ár (“our”) | ar (“which (past)”) | (before consonant) | (present/future before vowel) | (past/conditional before vowel) | |
de (“from”) | den | de na desna* |
de mo dem* |
de do ded*, det* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
do (“to, for”) | don | do na dosna* |
do mo dom* |
do do dod*, dot* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
faoi (“under, about”) | faoin | faoi na | faoi mo | faoi do | faoina | faoinár | faoinar | faoinarb | faoinarbh | |
i (“in”) | sa, san | sna | i mo im* |
i do id*, it* |
ina | inár | inar | inarb | inarbh | |
le (“with”) | leis an | leis na | le mo lem* |
le do led*, let* |
lena | lenár | lenar | lenarb | lenarbh | |
ó (“from, since”) | ón | ó na ósna* |
ó mo óm* |
ó do ód*, ót* |
óna | ónár | ónar | ónarb | ónarbh | |
trí (“through”) | tríd an | trí na | trí mo | trí do | trína | trínár | trínar | trínarb | trínarbh | |
*Dialectal. |
LatinEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
it
LatvianEdit
ParticleEdit
it
- used to assign accentuation to expression
- it sevišķi ― especially
- it nekas ― nothing at all
- it nekur ― nowhere at all
- it nemaz ― not at all
- it kā ― as if
Middle DutchEdit
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
it
- Alternative form of het
Middle EnglishEdit
PronounEdit
it
- Alternative form of hit (“it”)
DeterminerEdit
it
- Alternative form of hit (“it”)
Middle Low GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Saxon it, from Proto-Germanic *hit.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
it
DeclensionEdit
nominative | accusative | dative | genitive | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person singular | ik (ek) | mî (mê, mik, mek) | mîn (mîner) | ||
2nd person singular | dû | dî (dê, dik, dek) | dîn (dîner) | ||
3rd person singular | |||||
m | hê (hî, hie) | ēne, en (ȫne, ȫn) | ēme, em (ȫme, en) | sîn (sîner) | |
n | it (et) | ||||
f | sê (sî, sie, sü̂) | ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer) | |||
1st person plural | wî (wê, wie) | uns (ûs, ös, ü̂sik) | unser (ûser) | ||
2nd person plural | gî (jê, î) | jû (jûwe, û, jük, gik) | jûwer (ûwer) | ||
3rd person plural | sê (sî, sie) | em, öm, jüm (en, ēnen, ȫnen) | ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer) | ||
For an explanation of the forms in brackets see here. |
DescendantsEdit
Min NanEdit
For pronunciation and definitions of it – see 一 (“one; each; every; etc.”). (This character, it, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 一.) |
Northern SamiEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
it
Old IrishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- (second-person singular form) at
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
it
- inflection of is:
Old NorseEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- þit – younger
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *jit, North-West Germanic form of *jut. Cognate with Old English ġit, Gothic 𐌾𐌿𐍄 (jut).
PronounEdit
it
DeclensionEdit
number | first person | second person | reflexive | third person | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | singular | singular masculine | singular feminine | singular neuter | ||
nominative | ek | þú | hann | hon, hón | þat | |
accusative | mik | þik | sik | hann, hánn | hana, hána | þat |
dative | mér | þér | sér | hánum, hónum | henni | því |
genitive | mínn, minn | þínn, þinn | sínn, sinn | hans, háns | hennar | þess |
case | dual | |||||
nominative | vit | it, þit | ||||
accusative | okkr | ykkr | sik | |||
dative | okkr | ykkr | sér | |||
genitive | okkarr | ykkarr | sínn, sinn | |||
case | plural | plural masculine | plural feminine | plural neuter | ||
nominative | vér | ér, þér | þeir | þær | þau | |
accusative | oss | yðr | sik | þá | þær | þau |
dative | oss | yðr | sér | þeim | þeim | þeim |
genitive | várr | yðarr, yðvarr | sínn, sinn | þeira, þeirra | þeira, þeirra | þeira, þeirra |
DescendantsEdit
The Western descendants derive from þit, due to influence of the 2nd plural ending -ð. Compare þér (“you (plural)”).
- Icelandic: þið
- Faroese: tit
- Norwegian Nynorsk: de, did
- Elfdalian: ið
- Westrobothnian: -e
- Old Swedish: it
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Howe, Stephen (1996), “14. Old/Middle Swedish”, in The Personal Pronouns in the Germanic Languages: A Study of Personal Pronoun Morphology and Change in the Germanic Languages from the First Records to the Present Day, Walter de Gruyter
Old SaxonEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *it.
PronounEdit
it n
DeclensionEdit
Personal pronouns | |||||
Singular | 1. | 2. | 3. m | 3. f | 3. n |
Nominative | ik | thū | hē | siu | it |
Accusative | mī, me, mik | thī, thik | ina | sia | |
Dative | mī | thī | imu | iru | it |
Genitive | mīn | thīn | is | ira | is |
Dual | 1. | 2. | - | - | - |
Nominative | wit | git | - | - | - |
Accusative | unk | ink | - | - | - |
Dative | |||||
Genitive | unkero | - | - | - | |
Plural | 1. | 2. | 3. m | 3. f | 3. n |
Nominative | wī, we | gī, ge | sia | sia | siu |
Accusative | ūs, unsik | eu, iu, iuu | |||
Dative | ūs | im | |||
Genitive | ūser | euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera | iro |
DescendantsEdit
PiedmonteseEdit
PronounEdit
it
- you (singular)
Sathmar SwabianEdit
AdverbEdit
it
ReferencesEdit
- Claus Stephani, Volksgut der Sathmarschwaben (1985)
TurkishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Ottoman Turkish ایت (it), from Proto-Turkic *īt, *ıyt, *ït, *it. Compare Yakut ыт (ıt, “dog”).
NounEdit
it (definite accusative iti, plural itler)
- (often derogatory) dog
- (derogatory) scoundrel, detestable person, cur
Usage notesEdit
Not historically derogatory, and still used as the primary term for "dog" in the countryside. Usually, if a dog is a stray or feral, it can be referred to as "it" as well. The more usual word is köpek, which is also pejorative and derogatory when used for a person.
DeclensionEdit
Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | it | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | iti | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | it | itler | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | iti | itleri | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | ite | itlere | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | itte | itlerde | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | itten | itlerden | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | itin | itlerin | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Etymology 2Edit
VerbEdit
it
TurkmenEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Turkic ıt (“dog”), from Proto-Turkic *īt, *ıyt, *ɨt, *it.
NounEdit
it (definite accusative idi, plural itler)
DeclensionEdit
UzbekEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Turkic *ɨt, *it.
NounEdit
it (plural itlar)
DeclensionEdit
VolapükEdit
DeterminerEdit
it
WelshEdit
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
it
- (literary) second-person singular of i
West FrisianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Frisian hit, from Proto-Germanic *hit.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
it
- it (third-person singular neuter pronoun)
InflectionEdit
Number | Person | Nominative | Objective | Possessive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal | Reflexive | Determiner | Pronoun | ||||
Singular | First | ik | my | mysels | myn | mines | |
Second | Informal | do/dû1 | dy | dysels | dyn | dines | |
Formal | jo | jo | josels | jo | jowes | ||
Third | Masculine | hy | him | himsels | syn | sines | |
Feminine | sy/hja1 | har | harsels | har | harres | ||
Neuter | it | it | himsels | syn | sines | ||
Plural | First | wy | ús | ússels | ús | uzes | |
Second | jim(me) | jim(me) | jimsels/jinsels | jim(me) | jimmes | ||
Third | sy/hja1 | har(ren) | harsels | har(ren) | harres | ||
1. Now mostly archaic and unused |
Further readingEdit
- “it (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Etymology 2Edit
From Old Frisian thet, from Proto-Germanic *þat.
PronunciationEdit
DeterminerEdit
it
YolaEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English hit, from Old English hit.
PronounEdit
it
- it
- 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:
- Awye wough it.
- Away with it.
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 23
ZhuangEdit
< 0 | 1 | 2 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : it | ||
EtymologyEdit
From Chinese 一 (MC ʔiɪt̚, “one”). Cognate with Thai เอ็ด (èt), Lao ເອັດ (ʼet), Shan ဢဵတ်း (ʼáet), Ahom 𑜒𑜢𑜄𑜫 (ʼit), Bouyei idt.
PronunciationEdit
- (Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /ʔit˥/
- Tone numbers: it7
- Hyphenation: it
NumeralEdit
it (1957–1982 spelling it)
- one
- daih'it
- first
- song bak it
- two hundred and ten
- it cien
- one thousand
Usage notesEdit
Used with ngeih rather than song.