निर्भर
Hindi
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Classical Sanskrit निर्भर (nirbhara).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editनिर्भर • (nirbhar) (indeclinable)
- dependent, reliant
- 1996, Nand Kishore Naval, कविता की मुक्ति [kavitā kī mukti], Vani Prakashan, page 40:
- प्रकृति मनुष्य पर निर्भर नहीं है, बल्कि मनुष्य ही प्रकृति पर निर्भर है।
- prakŕti manuṣya par nirbhar nahī̃ hai, balki manuṣya hī prakŕti par nirbhar hai.
- Nature is not dependent on human; rather, human is dependent on nature.
Derived terms
edit- अनिर्भर (anirbhar)
- आत्मनिर्भर (ātmanirbhar)
- निर्भरता (nirbhartā)
- परनिर्भर (parnirbhar)
- स्वनिर्भर (svanirbhar)
Further reading
edit- Bahri, Hardev (1989) “निर्भर”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 354.
Sanskrit
editAlternative scripts
editAlternative scripts
- নিৰ্ভৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬦᬶᬃᬪᬭ (Balinese script)
- নির্ভর (Bengali script)
- 𑰡𑰰𑰨𑰿𑰥𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀦𑀺𑀭𑁆𑀪𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- နိရ်္ဘရ (Burmese script)
- નિર્ભર (Gujarati script)
- ਨਿਰ੍ਭਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌨𑌿𑌰𑍍𑌭𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦤꦶꦂꦨꦫ (Javanese script)
- 𑂢𑂱𑂩𑂹𑂦𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ನಿರ್ಭರ (Kannada script)
- និភ៌រ (Khmer script)
- ນິຣ຺ຠຣ (Lao script)
- നിര്ഭര (Malayalam script)
- ᠨᡳᡵᢨᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘡𑘱𑘨𑘿𑘥𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠨᠢᠷᠪᠾᠠᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧁𑧒𑧈𑧠𑧅𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐣𑐶𑐬𑑂𑐨𑐬 (Newa script)
- ନିର୍ଭର (Odia script)
- ꢥꢶꢬ꣄ꢩꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆤𑆴𑆫𑇀𑆨𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖡𑖰𑖨𑖿𑖥𑖨 (Siddham script)
- නිර්භර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩯𑩑𑩼 𑪙𑩳𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚝𑚮𑚤𑚶𑚡𑚤 (Takri script)
- நிர்ப⁴ர (Tamil script)
- నిర్భర (Telugu script)
- นิรฺภร (Thai script)
- ནི་རྦྷ་ར (Tibetan script)
- 𑒢𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒦𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨝𑨁𑨫𑩇𑨡𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
editFrom निस्- (nis-, negating prefix) + भर (bhara, “measure; weight, burden”).
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ˈn̪iɾ.bʱɐ.ɾɐ/
Adjective
editनिर्भर • (nirbhara) stem (Classical Sanskrit)
- full of, abounding in
- c. 1000, Somadeva, Kathāsaritsāgara 1.8.38:
- सा च चित्ररसनिर्भरा कथा विस्मृतामरकथा कुतूहलात् ।
तद्विधाय नगरे निरन्तरां ख्यातिमत्र भुवनत्रये गता ॥- sā ca citrarasanirbharā kathā vismṛtāmarakathā kutūhalāt.
tadvidhāya nagare nirantarāṃ khyātimatra bhuvanatraye gatā. - Now that tale was so full of various interest that men were so taken with it as to forget the tales of the gods, and after producing that effect in the city it attained uninterrupted renown in the three worlds.
- sā ca citrarasanirbharā kathā vismṛtāmarakathā kutūhalāt.
- सा च चित्ररसनिर्भरा कथा विस्मृतामरकथा कुतूहलात् ।
- sound; deep
- 200 BCE – 1200, Kāvya literature
- violent; vehement
- (New Sanskrit) dependent, reliant
Declension
editMasculine a-stem declension of निर्भर (nirbhara) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | निर्भरः nirbharaḥ |
निर्भरौ nirbharau |
निर्भराः nirbharāḥ |
Vocative | निर्भर nirbhara |
निर्भरौ nirbharau |
निर्भराः nirbharāḥ |
Accusative | निर्भरम् nirbharam |
निर्भरौ nirbharau |
निर्भरान् nirbharān |
Instrumental | निर्भरेण nirbhareṇa |
निर्भराभ्याम् nirbharābhyām |
निर्भरैः nirbharaiḥ |
Dative | निर्भराय nirbharāya |
निर्भराभ्याम् nirbharābhyām |
निर्भरेभ्यः nirbharebhyaḥ |
Ablative | निर्भरात् nirbharāt |
निर्भराभ्याम् nirbharābhyām |
निर्भरेभ्यः nirbharebhyaḥ |
Genitive | निर्भरस्य nirbharasya |
निर्भरयोः nirbharayoḥ |
निर्भराणाम् nirbharāṇām |
Locative | निर्भरे nirbhare |
निर्भरयोः nirbharayoḥ |
निर्भरेषु nirbhareṣu |
Feminine ā-stem declension of निर्भरा (nirbharā) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | निर्भरा nirbharā |
निर्भरे nirbhare |
निर्भराः nirbharāḥ |
Vocative | निर्भरे nirbhare |
निर्भरे nirbhare |
निर्भराः nirbharāḥ |
Accusative | निर्भराम् nirbharām |
निर्भरे nirbhare |
निर्भराः nirbharāḥ |
Instrumental | निर्भरया nirbharayā |
निर्भराभ्याम् nirbharābhyām |
निर्भराभिः nirbharābhiḥ |
Dative | निर्भरायै nirbharāyai |
निर्भराभ्याम् nirbharābhyām |
निर्भराभ्यः nirbharābhyaḥ |
Ablative | निर्भरायाः nirbharāyāḥ |
निर्भराभ्याम् nirbharābhyām |
निर्भराभ्यः nirbharābhyaḥ |
Genitive | निर्भरायाः nirbharāyāḥ |
निर्भरयोः nirbharayoḥ |
निर्भराणाम् nirbharāṇām |
Locative | निर्भरायाम् nirbharāyām |
निर्भरयोः nirbharayoḥ |
निर्भरासु nirbharāsu |
Neuter a-stem declension of निर्भर (nirbhara) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | निर्भरम् nirbharam |
निर्भरे nirbhare |
निर्भराणि nirbharāṇi |
Vocative | निर्भर nirbhara |
निर्भरे nirbhare |
निर्भराणि nirbharāṇi |
Accusative | निर्भरम् nirbharam |
निर्भरे nirbhare |
निर्भराणि nirbharāṇi |
Instrumental | निर्भरेण nirbhareṇa |
निर्भराभ्याम् nirbharābhyām |
निर्भरैः nirbharaiḥ |
Dative | निर्भराय nirbharāya |
निर्भराभ्याम् nirbharābhyām |
निर्भरेभ्यः nirbharebhyaḥ |
Ablative | निर्भरात् nirbharāt |
निर्भराभ्याम् nirbharābhyām |
निर्भरेभ्यः nirbharebhyaḥ |
Genitive | निर्भरस्य nirbharasya |
निर्भरयोः nirbharayoḥ |
निर्भराणाम् nirbharāṇām |
Locative | निर्भरे nirbhare |
निर्भरयोः nirbharayoḥ |
निर्भरेषु nirbhareṣu |
Descendants
editReferences
edit- Monier Williams (1899) “निर्भर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 541.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “nirbhara”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “nirbhara”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 417
Categories:
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from the Sanskrit root भृ
- Hindi terms derived from the Sanskrit root निर्भृ
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *bʰar-
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-
- Hindi terms borrowed from Classical Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Classical Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Classical Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi adjectives
- Hindi indeclinable adjectives
- Hindi terms with quotations
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root भृ
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root निर्भृ
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *bʰar-
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-
- Sanskrit terms prefixed with निस्-
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Classical Sanskrit
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- New Sanskrit