dependent

See also: dépendent and dependënt

English

Etymology

Originally dependant, from French dépendant, present participle of dépendre (“to depend”) (in English assimilated to Latin dēpendēns).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɪˈpɛndənt/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Hyphenation: de‧pend‧ent

Adjective

dependent (comparative more dependent, superlative most dependent)

1. Relying upon; depending upon.
   • 2013 June 7, Joseph Stiglitz, “Globalisation is about taxes too”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 19:

     It is time the international community faced the reality: we have an unmanageable, unfair, distortionary global tax regime. […] It is the starving of the public sector which has been pivotal in America no longer being the land of opportunity – with a child's life prospects more dependent on the income and education of its parents than in other advanced countries.

   At that point I was dependent on financial aid for my tuition.

2. (statistics) Having a probability that is affected by the outcome of a separate event.
   • 1994, Kathryn Stout, Maximum Math, page 217:

     The formula for finding the probablity of one event followed by a dependent event is written P(A, B) = P(A) × P(B/A) where P(B/A) is read “the probability of B given A.”

   • 2005, Alejandro Balbás, Rosario Romera, Esther Ruiz, Recent Advances in Applied Probability, Springer, page 49:

     Within the GMM framework, the distribution of returns conditional on the market return can be both serially dependent and conditionally heteroscedastic.

   • 2006, M.M. Rao and Randall J. Swift, Probability Theory with Applications (Second Edition), Springer, page 87:

     Is it possible to find events A, B of Ω so that A and B are independent? The answer to this simple and interesting problem is no. A probability space (Ω,Σ,P) is called a “dependent probability space” if there are no nontrivial independent events in Ω, (Ω,Σ,P) is called an independent space otherwise.

3. (of Irish/Manx/Scottish (Gaelic) verb forms) Used after a particle (with one or two exceptions), such as those which express questions, subordinate clauses, and negative sentences.
4. (medicine) Affecting the lower part of the body, such as the legs while standing up, or the back while supine.
5. Hanging down.

   a dependent bough or leaf

Antonyms

The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.

• independent

Derived terms

• case dependent
• case-dependent
• dependent personality disorder
• inter-dependent
• language-dependent
• light dependent resistor
• linearly dependent
• order-dependent
• redshift-dependent
• system-dependent
• time-dependent

 

Translations

relying upon; depending upon

• Afrikaans: afhanklik (af)
• Albanian: please add this translation if you can
• Arabic: مُتَوَقِّفْ‎ (mutawaqqif), مُعْتَمِدْ‎ (muʕtamid)
• Armenian: կախված (hy) (kaxvac), կախյալ (hy) (kaxyal)
• Azerbaijani: asılı
• Belarusian: зале́жны (zaljéžny), несамасто́йны (njesamastójny)
• Bulgarian: зави́сим (bg) (zavísim), подчине́н (bg) (podčinén)
• Catalan: dependent (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 依靠 (zh) (yīkào), 倚賴／倚赖 (zh) (yǐlài)

• Czech: závislý (cs), spoléhající
• Danish: afhængig
• Dutch: afhankelijk (nl)
• Esperanto: dependa
• Estonian: sõltuv
• Finnish: riippuvainen (fi)
• French: dépendant (fr)
• Georgian: დამოკიდებული (damoḳidebuli)
• German: abhängig (de), angewiesen (de)
• Greek: εξαρτημένος (el) m (exartiménos)
• Hebrew: תָּלוּי‎ (he) (talúi)
• Hungarian: függ (hu), függő (hu)
• Irish: spleách
• Italian: dipendente (it)
• Japanese: 次第 (ja) (しだい, shidai), 依存する (ja) (いそんする, ison suru), 頼る (ja) (たよる, tayoru)
• Korean: 종속의 (ko) (jongsogui)
• Latvian: atkarīgs
• Lithuanian: please add this translation if you can
• Macedonian: зависен (zavisen)
• Malay: bergantung
• Maori: whakawhirinaki
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: avhengig (no)

  Nynorsk: avhengig

• Persian: وابسته‎ (fa) (vâbaste)
• Polish: uzależniony (pl), zależny (pl), bluszczowaty, bluszczowy (pl)
• Portuguese: dependente (pt)
• Romanian: dependent (ro) m or n
• Russian: зави́симый (ru) (zavísimyj), подчинённый (ru) (podčinjónnyj), несамостоя́тельный (ru) (nesamostojátelʹnyj)
• Scottish Gaelic: an urra ri, eisimeileach
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: зависан, овисан, несамосталан

  Roman: zavisan (sh), ovisan (sh), nesamostalan (sh)

• Slovak: závislý
• Slovene: odvisen
• Spanish: dependiente (es)
• Swedish: avhängig (sv), beroende (sv)
• Tagalog: disarilinin
• Turkish: bağımlı (tr), bağlı (tr)
• Ukrainian: зале́жний (zaléžnyj), несамості́йний (nesamostíjnyj)

of Scottish Gaelic, Manx and Irish verb forms

• Irish: spleách
• Scottish Gaelic: eisimeileach

Noun

dependent (plural dependents)

1. (US) One who relies on another for support

   With two children and an ailing mother, she had three dependents in all.

2. (grammar) An element in phrase or clause structure that is not the head. Includes complements, modifiers and determiners.
3. (grammar) The aorist subjunctive or subjunctive perfective: a form of a verb not used independently but preceded by a particle to form the negative or a tense form. Found in Greek and in the Gaelic languages.

Synonyms

• dependant (UK)

Antonyms

• independent

Derived terms

• co-dependent
• depending

Related terms

• dependee
• depender

Translations

one who relies on another for support

• Belarusian: утрыма́нец m (utrymánjec), утрыма́нка f (utrymánka)
• Bulgarian: please add this translation if you can
• Estonian: ülalpeetav
• French: dépendant (fr) m, dépendante (fr) f
• German: Unterhaltsempfänger m, Unterhaltsempfängerin f, Abhängiger (de) m (der Abhängige), Abhängige (de) f
• Maori: pararau
• Portuguese: dependente (pt) m or f
• Russian: иждиве́нец (ru) m (iždivénec), иждиве́нка (ru) f (iždivénka)
• Spanish: dependiente (es) m
• Turkish: bağımlı (tr)
• Ukrainian: утри́манець m (utrýmanecʹ), утри́манка f (utrýmanka)

Related terms

• depend
• dependency
• dependent clause
• dependent variable

 

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin dēpendēns.

Adjective

dependent (masculine and feminine plural dependents)

1. dependent

   Antonym: independent

Derived terms

• dependència
• dependentment

Related terms

• dependre
• independent

Further reading

• “dependent” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “dependent”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
• “dependent” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “dependent” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Ladin

Noun

dependent m (plural dependenc)

1. employee

Latin

Verb

dēpendent

1. third-person plural present active indicative of dēpendeō

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French dépendant.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de.penˈdent/

Adjective

dependent m or n (feminine singular dependentă, masculine plural dependenți, feminine and neuter plural dependente)

1. dependent

Declension

Declension of dependent

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	dependent		dependentă	dependenți	dependente
	definite	dependentul		dependenta	dependenții	dependentele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	dependent		dependente	dependenți	dependente
	definite	dependentului		dependentei	dependenților	dependentelor

Antonyms

• independent

Related terms

• dependență