भोजन

See also: भाजन and भेजना

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit भोजन (bhójana).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /bʱoː.d͡ʒən/, [bʱoː.d͡ʒɐ̃n]

Noun

भोजन • (bhojan) m

1. (formal) food

   Synonym: खाना (khānā)

Declension

Declension of भोजन (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	भोजन bhojan	भोजन bhojan
oblique	भोजन bhojan	भोजनों bhojanõ
vocative	भोजन bhojan	भोजनो bhojano

Derived terms

• भोजन-शाला (bhojan-śālā)
• भोजन-सूची (bhojan-sūcī)
• भोजनालय (bhojnālay)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “भोजन”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• bhojana (Latin script)
• 𑀪𑁄𑀚𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ভোজন (Bengali script)
• භොජන (Sinhalese script)
• ဘောဇန or ꧤေႃၹၼ (Burmese script)
• โภชน or โภชะนะ (Thai script)
• ᨽᩮᩣᨩᨶ (Tai Tham script)
• ໂຠຊນ or ໂຠຊະນະ (Lao script)
• ភោជន (Khmer script)
• 𑄞𑄮𑄎𑄚 (Chakma script)

Noun

भोजन n

1. Devanagari script form of bhojana (“meal”)

Declension

Declension table of "भोजन" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	भोजनं (bhojanaṃ)	भोजनानि (bhojanāni)
Accusative (second)	भोजनं (bhojanaṃ)	भोजनानि (bhojanāni)
Instrumental (third)	भोजनेन (bhojanena)	भोजनेहि (bhojanehi) or भोजनेभि (bhojanebhi)
Dative (fourth)	भोजनस्स (bhojanassa) or भोजनाय (bhojanāya) or भोजनत्थं (bhojanatthaṃ)	भोजनानं (bhojanānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	भोजनस्मा (bhojanasmā) or भोजनम्हा (bhojanamhā) or भोजना (bhojanā)	भोजनेहि (bhojanehi) or भोजनेभि (bhojanebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	भोजनस्स (bhojanassa)	भोजनानं (bhojanānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	भोजनस्मिं (bhojanasmiṃ) or भोजनम्हि (bhojanamhi) or भोजने (bhojane)	भोजनेसु (bhojanesu)
Vocative (calling)	भोजन (bhojana)	भोजनानि (bhojanāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ভোজন (Assamese script)
• ᬪᭀᬚᬦ (Balinese script)
• ভোজন (Bengali script)
• 𑰥𑰺𑰕𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀪𑁄𑀚𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ဘောဇန (Burmese script)
• ભોજન (Gujarati script)
• ਭੋਜਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌭𑍋𑌜𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦨꦺꦴꦗꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂦𑂷𑂔𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ಭೋಜನ (Kannada script)
• ភោជន (Khmer script)
• ໂຠຊນ (Lao script)
• ഭോജന (Malayalam script)
• ᢨᠣᡯᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘥𑘻𑘕𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᠪᠾᠣᠸᠠᠽᠠᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧅𑧜𑦵𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐨𑑀𑐖𑐣 (Newa script)
• ଭୋଜନ (Odia script)
• ꢩꣂꢙꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆨𑆾𑆘𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖥𑖺𑖕𑖡 (Siddham script)
• භොජන (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩳𑩕𑩣𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚡𑚴𑚑𑚝 (Takri script)
• பே⁴ாஜந (Tamil script)
• భోజన (Telugu script)
• โภชน (Thai script)
• བྷོ་ཛ་ན (Tibetan script)
• 𑒦𑒼𑒖𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨡𑨆𑨥𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root भुज् (bhuj) +‎ -अन (-ana), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to enjoy”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /bʱɐ́w.d͡ʑɐ.nɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈbʱoː.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/

Noun

भोजन • (bhójana) stem, n

1. the act of enjoying, using
2. the act of eating
3. a meal, food
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.13.4:

     प्र॒जाभ्य॑: पु॒ष्टिं वि॒भज॑न्त आसते र॒यिमि॑व पृ॒ष्ठं प्र॒भव॑न्तमाय॒ते।
     असि॑न्व॒न्दंष्ट्रै॑: पि॒तुर॑त्ति॒ भोज॑नं॒ यस्ताकृ॑णोः प्रथ॒मं सास्यु॒क्थ्य॑:॥

     prajā́bhya: puṣṭíṃ vibhájanta āsate rayímiva pṛṣṭháṃ prabhávantamāyaté.
     ásinvandáṃṣṭrai: pitúratti bhójanaṃ yástā́kṛṇoḥ prathamáṃ sā́syukthyà:.

     Dealing out food unto their people there they sit, like wealth to him who comes, more than the back can bear.
     Greedily with his teeth he eats the master's food.
     You (Indra) who did these things first are worthy of our praises.

4. anything enjoyed or used, property, possession
5. enjoyment, any object of enjoyment or the pleasure caused by it
6. the act of giving to eat, feeding
7. dressing food, cooking

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of भोजन (bhójana)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	भोजनम् bhójanam	भोजने bhójane	भोजनानि / भोजना¹ bhójanāni / bhójanā¹
Vocative	भोजन bhójana	भोजने bhójane	भोजनानि / भोजना¹ bhójanāni / bhójanā¹
Accusative	भोजनम् bhójanam	भोजने bhójane	भोजनानि / भोजना¹ bhójanāni / bhójanā¹
Instrumental	भोजनेन bhójanena	भोजनाभ्याम् bhójanābhyām	भोजनैः / भोजनेभिः¹ bhójanaiḥ / bhójanebhiḥ¹
Dative	भोजनाय bhójanāya	भोजनाभ्याम् bhójanābhyām	भोजनेभ्यः bhójanebhyaḥ
Ablative	भोजनात् bhójanāt	भोजनाभ्याम् bhójanābhyām	भोजनेभ्यः bhójanebhyaḥ
Genitive	भोजनस्य bhójanasya	भोजनयोः bhójanayoḥ	भोजनानाम् bhójanānām
Locative	भोजने bhójane	भोजनयोः bhójanayoḥ	भोजनेषु bhójaneṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Adjective

भोजन • (bhójana) stem

1. feeding, giving to eat (said of Shiva)
2. voracious

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of भोजन (bhójana)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	भोजनः bhójanaḥ	भोजनौ / भोजना¹ bhójanau / bhójanā¹	भोजनाः / भोजनासः¹ bhójanāḥ / bhójanāsaḥ¹
Vocative	भोजन bhójana	भोजनौ / भोजना¹ bhójanau / bhójanā¹	भोजनाः / भोजनासः¹ bhójanāḥ / bhójanāsaḥ¹
Accusative	भोजनम् bhójanam	भोजनौ / भोजना¹ bhójanau / bhójanā¹	भोजनान् bhójanān
Instrumental	भोजनेन bhójanena	भोजनाभ्याम् bhójanābhyām	भोजनैः / भोजनेभिः¹ bhójanaiḥ / bhójanebhiḥ¹
Dative	भोजनाय bhójanāya	भोजनाभ्याम् bhójanābhyām	भोजनेभ्यः bhójanebhyaḥ
Ablative	भोजनात् bhójanāt	भोजनाभ्याम् bhójanābhyām	भोजनेभ्यः bhójanebhyaḥ
Genitive	भोजनस्य bhójanasya	भोजनयोः bhójanayoḥ	भोजनानाम् bhójanānām
Locative	भोजने bhójane	भोजनयोः bhójanayoḥ	भोजनेषु bhójaneṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ī-stem declension of भोजनी (bhójanī)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	भोजनी bhójanī	भोजन्यौ / भोजनी¹ bhójanyau / bhójanī¹	भोजन्यः / भोजनीः¹ bhójanyaḥ / bhójanīḥ¹
Vocative	भोजनि bhójani	भोजन्यौ / भोजनी¹ bhójanyau / bhójanī¹	भोजन्यः / भोजनीः¹ bhójanyaḥ / bhójanīḥ¹
Accusative	भोजनीम् bhójanīm	भोजन्यौ / भोजनी¹ bhójanyau / bhójanī¹	भोजनीः bhójanīḥ
Instrumental	भोजन्या bhójanyā	भोजनीभ्याम् bhójanībhyām	भोजनीभिः bhójanībhiḥ
Dative	भोजन्यै bhójanyai	भोजनीभ्याम् bhójanībhyām	भोजनीभ्यः bhójanībhyaḥ
Ablative	भोजन्याः / भोजन्यै² bhójanyāḥ / bhójanyai²	भोजनीभ्याम् bhójanībhyām	भोजनीभ्यः bhójanībhyaḥ
Genitive	भोजन्याः / भोजन्यै² bhójanyāḥ / bhójanyai²	भोजन्योः bhójanyoḥ	भोजनीनाम् bhójanīnām
Locative	भोजन्याम् bhójanyām	भोजन्योः bhójanyoḥ	भोजनीषु bhójanīṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of भोजन (bhójana)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	भोजनम् bhójanam	भोजने bhójane	भोजनानि / भोजना¹ bhójanāni / bhójanā¹
Vocative	भोजन bhójana	भोजने bhójane	भोजनानि / भोजना¹ bhójanāni / bhójanā¹
Accusative	भोजनम् bhójanam	भोजने bhójane	भोजनानि / भोजना¹ bhójanāni / bhójanā¹
Instrumental	भोजनेन bhójanena	भोजनाभ्याम् bhójanābhyām	भोजनैः / भोजनेभिः¹ bhójanaiḥ / bhójanebhiḥ¹
Dative	भोजनाय bhójanāya	भोजनाभ्याम् bhójanābhyām	भोजनेभ्यः bhójanebhyaḥ
Ablative	भोजनात् bhójanāt	भोजनाभ्याम् bhójanābhyām	भोजनेभ्यः bhójanebhyaḥ
Genitive	भोजनस्य bhójanasya	भोजनयोः bhójanayoḥ	भोजनानाम् bhójanānām
Locative	भोजने bhójane	भोजनयोः bhójanayoḥ	भोजनेषु bhójaneṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Proper noun

भोजन • (bhójana) stem, m

1. name of a mountain

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of भोजन (bhójana)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	भोजनः bhójanaḥ	भोजनौ / भोजना¹ bhójanau / bhójanā¹	भोजनाः / भोजनासः¹ bhójanāḥ / bhójanāsaḥ¹
Vocative	भोजन bhójana	भोजनौ / भोजना¹ bhójanau / bhójanā¹	भोजनाः / भोजनासः¹ bhójanāḥ / bhójanāsaḥ¹
Accusative	भोजनम् bhójanam	भोजनौ / भोजना¹ bhójanau / bhójanā¹	भोजनान् bhójanān
Instrumental	भोजनेन bhójanena	भोजनाभ्याम् bhójanābhyām	भोजनैः / भोजनेभिः¹ bhójanaiḥ / bhójanebhiḥ¹
Dative	भोजनाय bhójanāya	भोजनाभ्याम् bhójanābhyām	भोजनेभ्यः bhójanebhyaḥ
Ablative	भोजनात् bhójanāt	भोजनाभ्याम् bhójanābhyām	भोजनेभ्यः bhójanebhyaḥ
Genitive	भोजनस्य bhójanasya	भोजनयोः bhójanayoḥ	भोजनानाम् bhójanānām
Locative	भोजने bhójane	भोजनयोः bhójanayoḥ	भोजनेषु bhójaneṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Prakrit: 𑀪𑁄𑀅𑀡 (bhoaṇa)
  • → Kannada: ಬೋನ (bōna)
  • → Tamil: போனகம் (pōṉakam); போனம் (pōṉam)
  • → Telugu: బోనము (bōnamu)
  • → Tulu: ಬೋನ (bōna)
• Pali: bhojana
• → Hindi: भोजन (bhojan)
• → Kannada: ಭೋಜನ (bhōjana)
• → Tamil: போசனம் (pōcaṉam), போஜனம் (pōjaṉam)
• → Telugu: భోజనము (bhōjanamu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “भोजन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 768/1.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 276