ᚦᛡᛁᛡᛉ

Proto-Norse

Etymology

From earlier *ᚦᚨᛁᛃᛟᛉ (*þaijoʀ /⁠þaijōʀ⁠/), formed from masculine nominative plural *ᚦᚨᛁᛉ (*þaiʀ), suffixed with the feminine ending *-ᛟᛉ (*-oʀ /⁠ōʀ⁠/). Compare *ᛏᚹᚨᛁᛃᛟᛉ f (*twaijoʀ /⁠twaijōʀ⁠/) and ᚦᚱᛁᛃᛟᛉ f (þrijoʀ /⁠þrijōʀ⁠/, “three”), formed in the same way. Presumably displaced the reflex of Proto-Germanic *þôz, feminine nominative/accusative plural of *sa (“that”) (whence Gothic 𐌸𐍉𐍃 (þōs)).

Pronoun

ᚦᛡᛁᛡᛉ (þᴀiᴀʀ /þaiaʀ/) (feminine nominative/accusative plural) (Transitional Period)

1. they, these
   • c. 550 CE – 650 CE, Istaby stone :

     ᛡᚠᚨᛏᛉᚺᛡᚱᛁᚹᚢᛚᚨᚠᚨ ¶ ᚺᛡᚦᚢᚹᚢᛚᚨᚠᛉᚺᛡᛖᚱᚢᚹᚢᛚᚨᚠᛁᛉ ¶ ᚹᚨᚱᛡᛁᛏᚱᚢᚾᛡᛉᚦᛡᛁᛡᛉ

     ᴀfatʀhᴀriwulafa ¶ hᴀþuwulafʀhᴀeruwulafiʀ ¶ warᴀitrunᴀʀþᴀiᴀʀ

     /afᵃtr Hariwulᵃfa, Haþuwulᵃfʀ Heeruwulᵃfīʀ, wᵃrait rūnaʀ þaiaʀ/

     In memory of Hariwulfʀ, Haþuwulfʀ, the descendant of Heruwulfʀ, wrote these runes.

Descendants

Descendants of this word rhyme with those of *ᛏᚹᚨᛁᛃᛟᛉ (*twaijoʀ) in all older North Germanic varieties.

• Old West Norse: þær
  • Icelandic: þær
  • Faroese: tær
• Old East Norse: þáʀ, ᚦᛆᛧ
  • Old Swedish: þār, þā
• Old Gutnish: þar