Wiktionary

these

See also: These, thèse, and þese

English

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Etymology

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From Middle English þes, from Old English þas, from Proto-West Germanic *þes-, a form of Proto-Germanic *sa (“that”), from Proto-Indo-European *só. Compare with German diese.

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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these

  1. plural of this
    • 1921, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC:
      He read the letter aloud. Sophia listened with the studied air of one for whom, even in these days, a title possessed some surreptitious allurement.
    • Seinfeld, The Alternate Side
      These pretzels are making me thirsty.
    • 2019 September 20, “MDF vs HDF: Understanding Differences and Best Uses in Woodworking”, in Forest Plywood‎[1]:
      MDF and HDF – or medium-density fiberboard and high-density fiberboard – are two of the trendiest materials in woodworking these days.

Usage notes

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Depending on the context, the word those may be used either in place of or interchangeably with these.

Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Pronoun

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these

  1. plural of this

Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Dutch

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French thèse, from Latin thēsis, from Ancient Greek θέσις (thésis).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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these f (plural theses or thesen)

  1. statement, thesis, proposition
    Synonym: stelling
  2. thesis (lengthy essay)
    Synonyms: scriptie, proefschrift, dissertatie

Usage notes

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  • These and proefschrift are general terms for any thesis or dissertation submitted for the attainment of an academic degree, whereas scriptie usually refers specifically to a final assignment as part of a bachelor's or master's degree and dissertatie usually refers to a doctoral (Ph.D.) thesis.
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Latin

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Noun

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these

  1. ablative singular of thesis

Middle English

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Determiner

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these

  1. Alternative spelling of þese

Pronoun

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these

  1. Alternative spelling of þese

Noun

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these

  1. Alternative spelling of þese (plural of þe (“thigh”))

Old Dutch

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *þes, *þat, from Proto-Germanic *þat, whence also Old English þes.

Determiner

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these

  1. this, these

Inflection

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Declension of these
Singular Plural
Masculine Neuter Feminine
nominative these thit thiusa thiese
accusative thesen thit thesa thesa
genitive theses theses therro therre
dative thesemo thesemo therro thesum
instrumental thise

Descendants

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  • Middle Dutch: dēse, deze
    • Dutch: deze, dit
    • Limburgish: deze

Further reading

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  • “these”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old Saxon

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *þes, *þat, from Proto-Germanic *þat.

Determiner

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these m

  1. this, these
    an thesum uueroldrīkea uuirkean scoldin: They should work on this world.
    • Heliand, verse 2026-2027
      Te huī sprikis thū thes wīf, sō filu manos mī far thesoro mėnigi?
      Why do you speak of that, woman, so much (you) remind me pressingly in front of this crowd?

Declension

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Declension of these
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine
nominative these thit thius thesa
accusative thesan thit thesa thesa
genitive theses theses thesaro thesaro
dative thesemu thesemu thesaru thesum
instrumental thîs —

Descendants

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Portuguese

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Noun

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these f (plural theses)

  1. Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of tese.
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