ἄκρος
See also: άκρος
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱrós (“sharp”). Cognates include Old Church Slavonic остръ (ostrŭ), Latin ācer, Old Armenian ասեղն (asełn, “needle”) and Old English eċġ (English edge).[1]
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /á.kros/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈa.kros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈa.kros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈa.kros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈa.kros/
Adjective
editᾰ̓́κρος • (ắkros) m (feminine ᾰ̓́κρᾱ, neuter ᾰ̓́κρον); first/second declension
- at the edge, extreme, beginning, end: outermost (especially of the top)
- pointed, sharp
- being the most of any characteristic: best, oldest, first
Inflection
editNumber | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | ᾰ̓́κρος ắkros |
ᾰ̓́κρᾱ ắkrā |
ᾰ̓́κρον ắkron |
ᾰ̓́κρω ắkrō |
ᾰ̓́κρᾱ ắkrā |
ᾰ̓́κρω ắkrō |
ᾰ̓́κροι ắkroi |
ᾰ̓́κραι ắkrai |
ᾰ̓́κρᾰ ắkră | |||||
Genitive | ᾰ̓́κρου ắkrou |
ᾰ̓́κρᾱς ắkrās |
ᾰ̓́κρου ắkrou |
ᾰ̓́κροιν ắkroin |
ᾰ̓́κραιν ắkrain |
ᾰ̓́κροιν ắkroin |
ᾰ̓́κρων ắkrōn |
ᾰ̓́κρων ắkrōn |
ᾰ̓́κρων ắkrōn | |||||
Dative | ᾰ̓́κρῳ ắkrōi |
ᾰ̓́κρᾳ ắkrāi |
ᾰ̓́κρῳ ắkrōi |
ᾰ̓́κροιν ắkroin |
ᾰ̓́κραιν ắkrain |
ᾰ̓́κροιν ắkroin |
ᾰ̓́κροις ắkrois |
ᾰ̓́κραις ắkrais |
ᾰ̓́κροις ắkrois | |||||
Accusative | ᾰ̓́κρον ắkron |
ᾰ̓́κρᾱν ắkrān |
ᾰ̓́κρον ắkron |
ᾰ̓́κρω ắkrō |
ᾰ̓́κρᾱ ắkrā |
ᾰ̓́κρω ắkrō |
ᾰ̓́κρους ắkrous |
ᾰ̓́κρᾱς ắkrās |
ᾰ̓́κρᾰ ắkră | |||||
Vocative | ᾰ̓́κρε ắkre |
ᾰ̓́κρᾱ ắkrā |
ᾰ̓́κρον ắkron |
ᾰ̓́κρω ắkrō |
ᾰ̓́κρᾱ ắkrā |
ᾰ̓́κρω ắkrō |
ᾰ̓́κροι ắkroi |
ᾰ̓́κραι ắkrai |
ᾰ̓́κρᾰ ắkră | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
ᾰ̓́κρως ắkrōs |
ᾰ̓κρότερος ăkróteros |
ᾰ̓κρότᾰτος ăkrótătos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | ᾰ̓́κρος ắkros |
ᾰ̓́κρη ắkrē |
ᾰ̓́κρον ắkron |
ᾰ̓́κρω ắkrō |
ᾰ̓́κρᾱ ắkrā |
ᾰ̓́κρω ắkrō |
ᾰ̓́κροι ắkroi |
ᾰ̓́κραι ắkrai |
ᾰ̓́κρᾰ ắkră | |||||
Genitive | ᾰ̓́κρου / ᾰ̓κροῖο / ᾰ̓́κροιο / ᾰ̓κρόο / ᾰ̓́κροο ắkrou / ăkroîo / ắkroio / ăkróo / ắkroo |
ᾰ̓́κρης ắkrēs |
ᾰ̓́κρου / ᾰ̓κροῖο / ᾰ̓́κροιο / ᾰ̓κρόο / ᾰ̓́κροο ắkrou / ăkroîo / ắkroio / ăkróo / ắkroo |
ᾰ̓́κροιῐν ắkroiĭn |
ᾰ̓́κραιν / ᾰ̓́κραιῐν / ᾰ̓́κρῃῐν ắkrai(ĭ)n / ắkrēiĭn |
ᾰ̓́κροιῐν ắkroiĭn |
ᾰ̓́κρων ắkrōn |
ᾰ̓κρᾱ́ων / ᾰ̓κρέ͜ων / ᾰ̓κρῶν ăkrā́ōn / ăkré͜ōn / ăkrôn |
ᾰ̓́κρων ắkrōn | |||||
Dative | ᾰ̓́κρῳ ắkrōi |
ᾰ̓́κρῃ ắkrēi |
ᾰ̓́κρῳ ắkrōi |
ᾰ̓́κροιῐν ắkroiĭn |
ᾰ̓́κραιν / ᾰ̓́κραιῐν / ᾰ̓́κρῃῐν ắkrai(ĭ)n / ắkrēiĭn |
ᾰ̓́κροιῐν ắkroiĭn |
ᾰ̓́κροισῐ / ᾰ̓́κροισῐν / ᾰ̓́κροις ắkroisĭ(n) / ắkrois |
ᾰ̓́κρῃσῐ / ᾰ̓́κρῃσῐν / ᾰ̓́κρῃς / ᾰ̓́κραις ắkrēisĭ(n) / ắkrēis / ắkrais |
ᾰ̓́κροισῐ / ᾰ̓́κροισῐν / ᾰ̓́κροις ắkroisĭ(n) / ắkrois | |||||
Accusative | ᾰ̓́κρον ắkron |
ᾰ̓́κρην ắkrēn |
ᾰ̓́κρον ắkron |
ᾰ̓́κρω ắkrō |
ᾰ̓́κρᾱ ắkrā |
ᾰ̓́κρω ắkrō |
ᾰ̓́κρους ắkrous |
ᾰ̓́κρᾱς ắkrās |
ᾰ̓́κρᾰ ắkră | |||||
Vocative | ᾰ̓́κρε ắkre |
ᾰ̓́κρη ắkrē |
ᾰ̓́κρον ắkron |
ᾰ̓́κρω ắkrō |
ᾰ̓́κρᾱ ắkrā |
ᾰ̓́κρω ắkrō |
ᾰ̓́κροι ắkroi |
ᾰ̓́κραι ắkrai |
ᾰ̓́κρᾰ ắkră | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
ᾰ̓́κρως ắkrōs |
ᾰ̓κρότερος ăkróteros |
ᾰ̓κρότᾰτος ăkrótătos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
edit- Ἄκραι (Ákrai)
- ἀκροκώλῐον (akrokṓlĭon)
- ἀκροποσθῐ́ᾱ (akroposthĭ́ā)
- ἀκροστιχίς (akrostikhís)
- Τρινακρία (Trinakría)
Related terms
edit- ἀκή (akḗ)
Descendants
edit- Greek: άκρος (ákros, “extreme”)
References
edit- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἄκρος, -α, -ον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 57
Further reading
edit- “ἄκρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἄκρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἄκρος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἄκρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἄκρος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἄκρος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
- “ἄκρος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- ἄκρος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- brim idem, page 98.
- champion idem, page 123.
- consummate idem, page 166.
- edge idem, page 261.
- extreme idem, page 298.
- extremity idem, page 298.
- finished idem, page 321.
- good idem, page 366.
- inmost idem, page 442.
- lip idem, page 494.
- master idem, page 517.
- masterly idem, page 517.
- matchless idem, page 517.
- pastmaster (in) idem, page 598.
- rim idem, page 715.
- skilful idem, page 780.
- supreme idem, page 842.
- tip idem, page 877.
- top idem, page 881.
- topmost idem, page 881.
- uppermost idem, page 938.
- verge idem, page 948.
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eḱ-
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek adjectives
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms