ὑάκινθος

See also: υάκινθος and Ὑάκινθος

Ancient Greek edit

Etymology edit

Of Pre-Greek or other Mediterranean substrate origin and possibly related to Latin vaccinium.^[1] Note the Pre-Greek suffix -ινθ- (-inth-).^[2]

Pronunciation edit

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hy.á.kin.tʰos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)yˈa.kin.tʰos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /yˈa.cin.θos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /yˈa.cin.θos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈa.cin.θos/

Noun edit

ῠ̔ᾰ́κινθος • (huákinthos) m (genitive ῠ̔ᾰκίνθου); second declension

The alpine squill (Scilla bifolia)
The larkspur (Consolida ajacis, syn. Delphinium ajacis)
A certain type of blue
Huákinthos, “dark red, purple”, again see Latin vaccinium
A blue precious stone, perhaps aquamarine

Inflection edit

Second declension of ὁ ὑάκινθος; τοῦ ὑακίνθου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ὑάκινθος ho huákinthos	τὼ ὑακίνθω tṑ huakínthō	οἱ ὑάκινθοι hoi huákinthoi
Genitive	τοῦ ὑακίνθου toû huakínthou	τοῖν ὑακίνθοιν toîn huakínthoin	τῶν ὑακίνθων tôn huakínthōn
Dative	τῷ ὑακίνθῳ tôi huakínthōi	τοῖν ὑακίνθοιν toîn huakínthoin	τοῖς ὑακίνθοις toîs huakínthois
Accusative	τὸν ὑάκινθον tòn huákinthon	τὼ ὑακίνθω tṑ huakínthō	τοὺς ὑακίνθους toùs huakínthous
Vocative	ὑάκινθε huákinthe	ὑακίνθω huakínthō	ὑάκινθοι huákinthoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms edit

Ὑάκινθος (Huákinthos)

Descendants edit

Greek: υάκινθος (yákinthos)
→ Classical Syriac: ܝܩܘܢܕܐ (yāqūndāʾ, yaqqūndāʾ), ܝܘܩܢܛܐ (yūqanṭāʾ, “jacinth”)
→ Hebrew: יָקִינְתּוֹן (yakintón)
→ Latin: hyacinthus
- → Catalan: jacint
- → English: hyacinth
- → Old French: jacinte
  - French: jacinthe
  - → Middle English: jacynct, jacinct, jacinctus, jacinkte, jacint, jacyncte, jacyngh, jacynt, jasynkt
    - English: jacinth
    - Scots: jacinct (obsolete)
- → Swedish: hyacint
  - → Finnish: hyasintti
- → German: Hyazinthe
  - → Russian: гиаци́нт (giacínt)
- → Middle High German: jāchant
  - → Polish: jachant
    - → Old East Slavic: ꙗхонт (jaxont)
      - Russian: я́хонт (jáxont)
      - Ukrainian: я́хонт (jáxont)
- → Hungarian: jácint
- → Italian: giacinto
- → Spanish: jacinto
- → Serbo-Croatian: hijàcint / хија̀цинт
→ Middle Persian: yʾknd (yākand, “ruby”)
- Persian: یاکند (yâkand)
→ Old Armenian: յակինթ (yakintʻ), յակինթոս (yakintʻos), յակունդ (yakund), յակինդ (yakind); յաթինկոս (yatʻinkos)
- Middle Armenian: յակինթ (yakintʻ)
- → Armenian: հակինթ (hakintʻ)
- → Georgian: იაკინთი (iaḳinti)
→ Old Church Slavonic: акинтъ (akintŭ), акунтъ (akuntŭ), ꙗкинфъ (jakinfŭ)
→ Parthian:
Manichaean script: 𐫏𐫀𐫐𐫇𐫗𐫅 (yʾkwnd /⁠yākund⁠/)
- → Old Armenian: յակունդ (yakund)
  - Middle Armenian: յակունդ (yakund)
  - → Georgian: იაგუნდი (iagundi)
→ Sogdian: [script needed] (yγwth /⁠yaγūt⁠/, “ruby”)
- → Arabic: يَاقُوت (yāqūt)
  - → Afar: yaagút
  - → Bengali: ইয়াকুত (iẏakut), এয়াকুত (eẏakut)
  - → Swahili: yakuti
  - → Northern Kurdish: yaqût
  - → Middle Armenian: եաղութ (eaġutʻ)
  - → Persian: یاقوت (yâqut)
    - → Ottoman Turkish: یاقوت (yakut)
      - Turkish: yakut
      - → Albanian: jakut
      - → Romanian: iacut
      - → Serbo-Croatian: jàkut／ја̀кут
    - → Hindustani:
      Hindi: याक़ूत (yāqūt)
      Urdu: یَاقُوت (yāqūt)
    - → Uyghur: ياقۇت (yaqut)
    - → Uzbek: yoqut

References edit

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ὑάκινθος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1523
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2014) “ὑάκινθος”, in Stefan Norbruis, editor, Pre-Greek: Phonology, Morphology, Lexicon, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 70