佛朗機

See also: 佛郎機 and 佛朗机

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (佛朗機)		佛	朗	機
simp. (佛朗机)		佛	朗	机
alternative forms		佛郎機／佛郎机

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian فرنگی (farangī, “European, Westerner”). Cognate of Thai ฝรั่ง (fà-ràng)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Fólǎngjī

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄛˊ ㄌㄤˇ ㄐㄧ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fat⁶ long⁵ gei¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Fólǎngjī
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄛˊ ㄌㄤˇ ㄐㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Fólǎngji
    • Wade–Giles: Fo²-lang³-chi¹
    • Yale: Fwó-lǎng-jī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Forlaangji
    • Palladius: Фоланцзи (Folanczi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu̯ɔ³⁵ lɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: fat⁶ long⁵ gei¹
    • Yale: faht lóhng gēi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fat⁹ long⁵ gei¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fed⁶ long⁵ géi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐt̚² lɔːŋ¹³ kei̯⁵⁵/

Noun

佛朗機

1. (obsolete) generic name for foreigners from Europe in Ming-dynasty China, especially the Portuguese and Spanish
2. Short for 佛朗機炮／佛朗机炮 (fólǎngjīpào, “breech-loading swivel gun”).

Descendants

• Japanese: フランキ (furanki)
• Korean: 불랑기(佛朗機) (bullanggi)