和らぐ
Japanese edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 和 |
| やわ Grade: 3 |
| kun’yomi |
Etymology edit
/japaraɡu/ → /jafaraɡu/ → /jawaraɡu/
From Old Japanese. Derived from adjective and adverb 柔ら (yawara, “soft; gentle”), in turn derived from Old Japanese adjective 柔・和 (yapa, classical yafa and modern yawa, “soft; gentle; fragile”).[1][2] Possibly influenced by 弱い (yowai, “weak; fragile”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
和らぐ • (yawaragu) ←やはらぐ (yafaragu)?intransitive godan (stem 和らぎ (yawaragi), past 和らいだ (yawaraida))
- (physical properties) to soften, to become soft
- (said of a person or situation) to become peaceful and calm
- (said of a person or situation) to become gentle and mild
- (said of relations between people) to become harmonious
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of "和らぐ" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 和らが | やわらぐが | yawaraguga |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 和らぎ | やわらぐぎ | yawaragugi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 和らぐ | やわらぐぐ | yawaragugu |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 和らぐ | やわらぐぐ | yawaragugu |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 和らげ | やわらぐげ | yawaraguge |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 和らげ | やわらぐげ | yawaraguge |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 和らがれる | やわらぐがれる | yawaragugareru |
| Causative | 和らがせる 和らがす |
やわらぐがせる やわらぐがす |
yawaragugaseru yawaragugasu |
| Potential | 和らげる | やわらぐげる | yawaragugeru |
| Volitional | 和らごう | やわらぐごう | yawaragugō |
| Negative | 和らがない | やわらぐがない | yawaraguganai |
| Negative continuative | 和らがず | やわらぐがず | yawaragugazu |
| Formal | 和らぎます | やわらぐぎます | yawaragugimasu |
| Perfective | 和らいだ | やわらぐいだ | yawaraguida |
| Conjunctive | 和らいで | やわらぐいで | yawaraguide |
| Hypothetical conditional | 和らげば | やわらぐげば | yawaragugeba |
Verb edit
和らぐ • (yawaragu) ←やはらぐ (yafaragu)?transitive †nidan
- (obsolete, physical properties) to soften something, to make something soft
- (obsolete, said of a person or situation) to make something peaceful and calm
- (obsolete, said of a person or situation) to make something gentle and mild
- (obsolete, said of relations between people) to make something harmonious
Usage notes edit
The transitive sense has been superseded by the modern form 和らげる (yawarageru).[1][2]
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN