土砂降り
Japanese edit
| Kanji in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 土 | 砂 | 降 |
| ど Grade: 1 |
しゃ Grade: 6 |
ふ > ぶ Grade: 6 |
| kan’yōon | goon | kun’yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| どしゃ降り 土砂降 |
Etymology edit
Compound of 土砂 (dosha, “soil and sand”) + 降り (furi, “falling”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 降る furu, “to fall”, such as rain or other precipitation).[1][2] The furi changes to buri as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
According to some sources,[3] the dosha portion is from adverb どしゃくしゃ (doshakusha, “in a confusion, in a turmoil”), with the 土砂 spelling used as ateji (当て字). According to other sources,[1] the dosha portion is a metaphor for heavy rain.
First appears in texts from the early 1900s.[1]
Compare the English expressions to rain cats and dogs, or to rain pitchforks and hammer handles.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Usage notes edit
Unlike the synonyms, doshaburi is only used in reference to rain, and is not used to describe snowfall.
Synonyms edit
- 本降り (honburi): a real rainfall (also describes snowfall)
- 大降り (ōburi): a big rainfall (also describes snowfall)
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN