紂

See also: 纣

紂	U+7D02, 紂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D02

← 紁
[U+7D01]

CJK Unified Ideographs

紃 →
[U+7D03]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

紂 (radical 120, 糸+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 女火木戈 (VFDI), four-corner 2490₀, composition ⿰糹寸)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 915, character 18
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27239
Dae Jaweon: page 1343, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3364, character 3
Unihan data for U+7D02

ChineseEdit

trad.		紂
simp.		纣

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (肘) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
肘	*tkuʔ
疛	tuʔ, dus
紂	*duʔ
葤	*duʔ
酎	*l'us

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *duʔ): semantic 糹 + abbreviated phonetic 肘 (OC *tkuʔ).

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhòu (zhou⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄡˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zau⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄡˋ
  - Wade–Giles: chou⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jow
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhòu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zau⁶
  - Yale: jauh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzau⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: zeo⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐu̯²²/

Middle Chinese: /ɖɨu^X/

Rime
Character	紂
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	除柳切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiəu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖuw^X/
Li Rong	/ȡiu^X/
Wang Li	/ȡĭəu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯ə̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhòu

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ruʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*duʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	紂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhòu
Middle Chinese	‹ drjuw^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]ruʔ/
English	leather belt used on the rump of a horse hitched to a cart; name of last Shāng ruler
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	紂
Reading #	1/1
No.	17546
Phonetic component	肘
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	紂
Old Chinese	/*duʔ/

DefinitionsEdit

紂

King Zhou of the Shang dynasty
^† crupper (part of a saddle)

CompoundsEdit

助紂為虐／助纣为虐 (zhùzhòuwéinüè)
商紂／商纣

村紂／村纣
桀紂／桀纣 (jiézhòu)

紂棍／纣棍

ReferencesEdit

“紂”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

紂

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReadingsEdit

Go-on: じゅう (jū)
Kan-on: ちゅう (chū)
Kun: しりがい (shirigai)

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

紂 (eum 주 (ju))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

紂: Hán Nôm readings: trụ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

Nom Foundation